Abstract
Gray mold caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea is one of the major postharvest diseases of apple fruit. The exogenous application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and gaseous ozone (O 3 ) is commonly used to ensure postharvest fruit quality. However, the effect of these treatments on the susceptibility of apple fruit to postharvest pathogens remains largely unknown. Herein, the effect of O 3 and 1-MCP treatments on the development of gray mold on apple fruit (cv. “Granny Smith”) was investigated. Artificially inoculated apple fruits, treated or not with 1-MCP, were subjected for 2 months to cold storage [0°C, relative humidity (RH) 95%] either in an O 3 -enriched atmosphere or in a conventional cold chamber. Minor differences between 1-MCP-treated and control fruits were found in terms of disease expression; however, exposure to ozone resulted in a decrease of disease severity by more than 50% compared with 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits. Proteomic analysis was conducted to determine proteome changes in the mesocarp tissue of control and 1-MCP- or O 3 -treated fruits in the absence or in the presence of inoculation with B. cinerea . In the non-inoculated fruits, 26 proteins were affected by 1-MCP, while 51 proteins were altered by ozone. Dynamic changes in fruit proteome were also observed in response to B. cinerea. In O 3 -treated fruits, a significant number of disease/defense-related proteins were increased in comparison with control fruit. Among these proteins, higher accumulation levels were observed for allergen, major allergen, ACC oxidase, putative NBS-LRR disease resistance protein, major latex protein (MLP)-like protein, or 2-Cys peroxiredoxin. In contrast, most of these proteins were down-accumulated in 1-MCP-treated fruits that were challenged with B. cinerea . These results suggest that ozone exposure may contribute to the reduction of gray mold in apple fruits, while 1-MCP was not effective in affecting this disease. This is the first study deciphering differential regulations of apple fruit proteome upon B. cinerea infection and postharvest storage treatments, underlying aspects of host response related to the gray mold disease.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone exposure decreased gray mold disease severity by more than 50% compared with 1-MCP-treated and untreated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple Fruit
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- exposure to ozonee1
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereat0pathogen - Outcome
- disease severitye1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- more than 50%e1
- Comparator
- 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e1“exposure to ozone resulted in a decrease of disease severity by more than 50% compared with 1-MCP-treated and untreated fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP caused only minor differences in gray mold disease expression compared with control fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPe2
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereat0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease expressione2
- Comparator
- control fruitse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e2“Minor differences between 1-MCP-treated and control fruits were found in terms of disease expression”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP affected 26 proteins in non-inoculated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCPe3
- Outcome
- proteinse3
- Direction
- affectede3
- Value
- 26 proteinse3
- Qualifier
- In the non-inoculated fruitse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e3“In the non-inoculated fruits, 26 proteins were affected by 1-MCP, while 51 proteins were altered by ozone”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone altered 51 proteins in non-inoculated apple fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ozonee3
- Outcome
- proteinse3
- Direction
- alterede3
- Value
- 51 proteinse3
- Qualifier
- In the non-inoculated fruitse3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e3“In the non-inoculated fruits, 26 proteins were affected by 1-MCP, while 51 proteins were altered by ozone”
Claim · model-written summary
The apple fruit proteome changed dynamically in response to Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae7pathogen
- Outcome
- Dynamic changes in fruit proteomee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e7“Dynamic changes in fruit proteome were also observed in response to B. cinerea”
Claim · model-written summary
In ozone-treated apple fruit, a significant number of disease and defence-related proteins increased compared with control fruit.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- O 3 -treated fruitse4
- Outcome
- disease/defense-related proteinse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Comparator
- control fruite4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e4“In O 3 -treated fruits, a significant number of disease/defense-related proteins were increased in comparison with control fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone-treated apple fruit had higher accumulation of allergen, major allergen and ACC oxidase.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- O 3 -treated fruitse4
- Gene
- allergen, major allergen, ACC oxidasee5
- Outcome
- accumulation levelse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- control fruite4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e4“In O 3 -treated fruits, a significant number of disease/defense-related proteins were increased in comparison with control fruit”
e5“Among these proteins, higher accumulation levels were observed for allergen, major allergen, ACC oxidase, putative NBS-LRR disease resistance protein, major latex protein (MLP)-like protein, or 2-Cys peroxiredoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone-treated apple fruit had higher accumulation of NBS-LRR disease resistance protein, MLP-like protein and 2-Cys peroxiredoxin.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- O 3 -treated fruitse4
- Gene
- putative NBS-LRR disease resistance protein, major latex protein (MLP)-like protein, or 2-Cys peroxiredoxine5
- Outcome
- accumulation levelse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- control fruite4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e4“In O 3 -treated fruits, a significant number of disease/defense-related proteins were increased in comparison with control fruit”
e5“Among these proteins, higher accumulation levels were observed for allergen, major allergen, ACC oxidase, putative NBS-LRR disease resistance protein, major latex protein (MLP)-like protein, or 2-Cys peroxiredoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Most disease and defence-related proteins were down-accumulated in 1-MCP-treated apple fruit challenged with Botrytis cinerea.
- Taxon
- Apple FruitMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 1-MCP-treated fruitse6
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae6pathogen
- Outcome
- proteinse6
- Direction
- down-accumulatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Unraveling Interactions of the Necrotrophic Fungal Species Botrytis cinerea With 1-Methylcyclopropene or Ozone-Treated Apple Fruit Using Proteomic Analysis”
e6“In contrast, most of these proteins were down-accumulated in 1-MCP-treated fruits that were challenged with B. cinerea”
The same questions in other papers
1-methylcyclopropene · Botrytis cinerea · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
ozone · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →ozone · Botrytis cinerea · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
ozone · molecular: metabolites · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.