Abstract
Abstract Minimizing the post-harvest losses in fruits and vegetables is one of the challenging tasks in agriculture. To address this issue, we report nano-net of Cu-chitosan nanoparticles (Cu-chitosan NPs) which has the ability to extend the shelf-life of stored tomato. The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control), physiological loss in weight (14.36 versus 28.13% in control), respiration rate (0.01173 versus 0.01879 g CO 2 kg −1 h −1 ) and maintained fruit firmness (34.0 versus 17.33 N in control) during storage. Further, these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity, retained total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars, lycopene, ascorbic acid and inhibited polyphenol oxidase. Likewise, NPs effectively preserved L * (lightness), a* (red/green) and b* (blue/yellow) values and maintained organoleptic score. Scanning electron microscopy study confirmed that Cu-chitosan NPs orchestrate into an invisible-intangible nano-net over tomato surface which may plausibly act as a potential barrier at all possible openings (stem scar, cuticle wax, lenticels, and aquaporins) to control microbial infection, moisture loss, gas exchanges and respiration rate. Overall, nano-net extended keeping quality of tomatoes up to 21 days at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 2% relative humidity).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-chitosan nanoparticles reduced microbial decay to under 5%, versus over 50% in controls.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%)e0
- Outcome
- microbial decaye0
- Direction
- curtailede0
- Value
- < 5e0
- Qualifier
- > 50% in controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles reduced physiological weight loss to 14.36 versus 28.13% in controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%)e0
- Outcome
- physiological loss in weighte0
- Direction
- curtailede0
- Value
- 14.36e0
- Qualifier
- 28.13% in controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control), physiological loss in weight (14.36 versus 28.13% in control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles reduced respiration rate to 0.01173 versus 0.01879 g CO 2 kg −1 h −1 in controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%)e0
- Outcome
- respiration ratee0
- Direction
- curtailede0
- Value
- 0.01173e0
- Qualifier
- 0.01879 g CO 2 kg −1 h −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control), physiological loss in weight (14.36 versus 28.13% in control), respiration rate (0.01173 versus 0.01879 g CO 2 kg −1 h −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles maintained fruit firmness at 34.0 versus 17.33 N in controls.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%)e0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Value
- 34.0e0
- Qualifier
- 17.33 N in controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“The application of Cu-chitosan NPs (0.01–0.04%) significantly curtailed microbial decay (< 5 versus > 50% in control), physiological loss in weight (14.36 versus 28.13% in control), respiration rate (0.01173 versus 0.01879 g CO 2 kg −1 h −1 ) and maintained fruit firmness (34.0 versus 17.33 N in control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles retarded loss of titratable acidity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- loss of titratable aciditye0
- Direction
- retardede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles retained total soluble solids, total sugars and reducing sugars.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- total soluble solids, total and reducing sugarse0
- Direction
- retainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity, retained total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles retained lycopene and ascorbic acid.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- lycopene, ascorbic acide0
- Direction
- retainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity, retained total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars, lycopene, ascorbic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles inhibited polyphenol oxidase.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Gene
- polyphenol oxidasee0
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidasee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“these NPs significantly retarded loss of titratable acidity, retained total soluble solids, total and reducing sugars, lycopene, ascorbic acid and inhibited polyphenol oxidase”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles preserved lightness and red/green and blue/yellow color values.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- L * (lightness), a* (red/green) and b* (blue/yellow) valuese0
- Direction
- preservede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“NPs effectively preserved L * (lightness), a* (red/green) and b* (blue/yellow) values”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticles maintained organoleptic score.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- NPse0
- Outcome
- organoleptic scoree0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“NPs effectively preserved L * (lightness), a* (red/green) and b* (blue/yellow) values and maintained organoleptic score”
Claim · model-written summary
Scanning electron microscopy confirmed a nano-net on the tomato surface.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Cu-chitosan NPse0
- Outcome
- invisible-intangible nano-net over tomato surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Scanning electron microscopy study confirmed that Cu-chitosan NPs orchestrate into an invisible-intangible nano-net over tomato surface”
Claim · model-written summary
The nano-net extended tomato keeping quality up to 21 days at room temperature.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- nano-nete0
- Outcome
- keeping qualitye0
- Direction
- extendede0
- Value
- 21 dayse0
- Qualifier
- 27 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 2% relative humiditye0
- Setting
- room temperaturee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, nano-net extended keeping quality of tomatoes up to 21 days at room temperature (27 ± 2 °C, 55 ± 2% relative humidity).”
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