Abstract
Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner. The midgut and salivary glands of SBPH are the first and last barriers to the viral circulation and transmission processes, respectively; however, the precise mechanisms used by RSV to cross these organs and transmit to rice plants have not been fully elucidated. We obtained the full-length cDNA sequence of L. striatellus α-tubulin 2 (LsTUB) and found that RSV infection increased the level of LsTUB in vivo. Furthermore, LsTUB was shown to co-localize with RSV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) in vivo and bound NS3 at positions 74-76 and 80-82 in vitro. Transient gene silencing of LsTUB expression caused a significant reduction in detectable RSV loads and viral NS3 expression levels, but had no effect on NS3 silencing suppressor activity and viral replication in insect cells. However, suppression of LsTUB attenuated viral spread in the bodies of SBPHs and decreased RSV transmission rates to rice plants. Electrical penetration graphs (EPG) showed that LsTUB knockdown by RNAi did not impact SBPH feeding; therefore, the reduction in RSV transmission rates was likely caused by a decrease in viral loads inside the planthopper. These findings suggest that LsTUB mediates the passage of RSV through midgut and salivary glands and leads to successful horizontal transmission.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
RSV infection increased LsTUB level in the planthopper in vivo.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- RSV infectione1
- Interactor
- Laodelphax striatellus
Laodelphax striatelluse0pest - Second interactor
- Rice stripe virusTenuivirus oryzaclavataee0pathogen
- Gene
- LsTUBe1
- Outcome
- level of LsTUBe1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e1“RSV infection increased the level of LsTUB in vivo”
Claim · model-written summary
LsTUB co-localized with RSV NS3 in vivo.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- LsTUBe2
- Outcome
- co-localize with RSV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3)e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e2“LsTUB was shown to co-localize with RSV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) in vivo and bound NS3 at positions 74-76 and 80-82 in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
LsTUB bound NS3 at positions 74-76 and 80-82 in vitro.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- LsTUBe2
- Outcome
- bound NS3 at positions 74-76 and 80-82e2
- Setting
- in vitroe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e2“LsTUB was shown to co-localize with RSV nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) in vivo and bound NS3 at positions 74-76 and 80-82 in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient silencing of LsTUB significantly reduced detectable RSV loads and viral NS3 expression levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Transient gene silencing of LsTUB expressione3
- Gene
- LsTUBe3
- Outcome
- detectable RSV loads and viral NS3 expression levelse3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e3“Transient gene silencing of LsTUB expression caused a significant reduction in detectable RSV loads and viral NS3 expression levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient silencing of LsTUB had no effect on NS3 silencing suppressor activity and viral replication in insect cells.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Transient gene silencing of LsTUB expressione3
- Outcome
- NS3 silencing suppressor activity and viral replicatione4
- Direction
- had no effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e3“Transient gene silencing of LsTUB expression caused a significant reduction in detectable RSV loads and viral NS3 expression levels”
e4“but had no effect on NS3 silencing suppressor activity and viral replication in insect cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of LsTUB attenuated viral spread in the bodies of SBPHs.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- suppression of LsTUBe5
- Interactor
- SBPHse5pest
- Outcome
- viral spreade5
- Direction
- attenuatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e5“suppression of LsTUB attenuated viral spread in the bodies of SBPHs”
Claim · model-written summary
Suppression of LsTUB decreased RSV transmission rates to rice plants.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- suppression of LsTUBe5
- Outcome
- RSV transmission ratese6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e5“suppression of LsTUB attenuated viral spread in the bodies of SBPHs”
e6“decreased RSV transmission rates to rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
LsTUB knockdown by RNAi did not impact feeding of SBPH on rice, as shown by EPG.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- LsTUB knockdown by RNAie7
- Outcome
- SBPH feedinge7
- Direction
- did not impacte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e7“Electrical penetration graphs (EPG) showed that LsTUB knockdown by RNAi did not impact SBPH feeding”
Claim · model-written summary
The reduction in RSV transmission rates was likely caused by a decrease in viral loads inside the planthopper.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- the reduction in RSV transmission ratese7
- Qualifier
- a decrease in viral loads inside the planthoppere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e7“the reduction in RSV transmission rates was likely caused by a decrease in viral loads inside the planthopper”
Claim · model-written summary
LsTUB mediates the passage of RSV through the midgut and salivary glands and leads to successful horizontal transmission.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- LsTUBe6
- Outcome
- passage of RSV through midgut and salivary glandse6
- Qualifier
- successful horizontal transmissione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice stripe virus (RSV, genus Tenuivirus, family Phenuiviridae) is the causal agent of rice stripe disease transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus) in a persistent propagative manner”
e6“These findings suggest that LsTUB mediates the passage of RSV through midgut and salivary glands and leads to successful horizontal transmission”
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