Abstract
Perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) including chitin by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) rapidly induces activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. However, how PRRs transmit immune signals to the MAPK cascade is largely unknown. Recently, Arabidopsis receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase PBL27 has been reported to activate MAPKs through phosphorylation of AtMAPKKK5 in the chitin signaling pathway. In this study, we found that OsRLCK185, a rice ortholog of PBL27, regulates chitin-induced MAPK activation in a similar fashion to PBL27 in rice. Upon chitin perception, OsRLCK185 is phosphorylated by OsCERK1, a component of the chitin receptor complex. OsRLCK185 interacted with OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18, rice orthologs of AtMAPKKK5, in yeast two-hybrid assays. Silencing of both OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18 significantly reduced chitin-induced activation of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6. Expression levels of OsMAPKKK18 were much higher than that of OsMAPKKK11 in rice cells, which was consistent with the fact that the Osmapkkk11 single mutation did not affect MAPK activation. This result suggested that OsMAPKKK18 plays a more important role than OsMAPKKK11 in the chitin-induced activation of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiment indicated that OsRLCK185 interacted with OsMAPKKK18 at the plasma membrane in planta. In vitro phosphorylation experiments showed that OsRLCK185 directly phosphorylates OsMAPKKK18. Furthermore, OsMAPKKK18 interacted with the MAPKK OsMKK4, the upstream component of OsMPK3/6. These results suggested that OsRLCK185 connects the chitin receptor to the MAPK cascade consisting of OsMAPKKK18-OsMKK4-OsMPK3/6. Our data revealed that chitin-induced MAPK activation in rice and Arabidopsis is regulated by common homologous elements.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
OsRLCK185 regulates chitin-induced MAPK activation in rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Gene
- OsRLCK185e0
- Outcome
- chitin-induced MAPK activatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsRLCK185, a rice ortholog of PBL27, regulates chitin-induced MAPK activation in a similar fashion to PBL27 in rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
OsCERK1 phosphorylates OsRLCK185 after chitin perception.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsRLCK185e0
- Outcome
- phosphorylated by OsCERK1e0
- Qualifier
- Upon chitin perceptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon chitin perception, OsRLCK185 is phosphorylated by OsCERK1, a component of the chitin receptor complex.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsRLCK185 interacted with OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18 in yeast assays.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsRLCK185e0
- Outcome
- interacted with OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsRLCK185 interacted with OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18, rice orthologs of AtMAPKKK5, in yeast two-hybrid assays.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing both OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18 significantly reduced chitin-induced OsMPK3 and OsMPK6 activation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Silencing of both OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18e0
- Gene
- OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18e0
- Outcome
- chitin-induced activation of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of both OsMAPKKK11 and OsMAPKKK18 significantly reduced chitin-induced activation of OsMPK3 and OsMPK6.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsMAPKKK18 expression exceeded OsMAPKKK11 in rice cells.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Gene
- OsMAPKKK18e0
- Outcome
- Expression levelse0
- Direction
- much highere0
- Comparator
- OsMAPKKK11e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression levels of OsMAPKKK18 were much higher than that of OsMAPKKK11 in rice cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The Osmapkkk11 single mutation did not affect MAPK activation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Osmapkkk11 single mutatione0
- Outcome
- MAPK activatione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Osmapkkk11 single mutation did not affect MAPK activation.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsRLCK185 and OsMAPKKK18 interacted at the plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- plasma membranee0
- Gene
- OsRLCK185e0
- Outcome
- interacted with OsMAPKKK18e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsRLCK185 interacted with OsMAPKKK18 at the plasma membrane in planta.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsRLCK185 directly phosphorylated OsMAPKKK18 in vitro.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsRLCK185e0
- Outcome
- phosphorylates OsMAPKKK18e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsRLCK185 directly phosphorylates OsMAPKKK18.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
OsMAPKKK18 interacted with OsMKK4.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsMAPKKK18e0
- Outcome
- interacted with the MAPKK OsMKK4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsMAPKKK18 interacted with the MAPKK OsMKK4”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice and Arabidopsis chitin-induced MAPK activation use common homologous elements.
- Taxon
- rice and Arabidopsis
ArabidopsisOryza sativae0 - Outcome
- chitin-induced MAPK activatione0
- Qualifier
- common homologous elementse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chitin-induced MAPK activation in rice and Arabidopsis is regulated by common homologous elements.”
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