Abstract
Abstract Vegetative and basidiospore inocula of Pisolithus tinctorius were artificially introduced into soils of three nurseries in Georgia, Florida, and North Carolina. After one growing season in the North Carolina nursery, growth stimulation by Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae from vegetative inoculum was 140 percent on seedlings of Pinus taeda and approximately 100 percent on seedlings of P. virginiana and P. strobus . Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithus formed 97, 94, and 77 percent of the ectomycorrhizae on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. strobus , respectively. Ectomycorrhizae formed from basidiospore inoculum did not dominate the root systems or stimulate seedling growth as much as vegetative inoculum. In the Florida nursery, Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae produced by both types of inocula were in approximately even mixtures with ectomycorrhizae formed by naturally occurring fungi. Growth stimulation by P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizae was not observed on seedlings of P. taeda , P. elliottii var. elliottii , or P. clausa in this nursery. Ectomycorrhizal development by P. tinctorius on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. clausa did not occur in the Georgia nursery, probably due to ineffective soil fumigation. Plant-parasitic nematodes and high populations of Pythium irregulare- P. debaryanum were isolated from plots in this nursery. The practical significance of lateral spread of Pisolithus into noninfested soil adjacent to infested soil and basidiocarp production is discussed. These results show that P. tinctorius can be artificially introduced into fumigated soil and form specific ectomycorrhizae on various pine species under diverse cultural conditions used in conventional nursery production of pine seedlings. Forest Sci. 22:91-100.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae stimulated Pinus taeda growth 140 percent in North Carolina.
- Taxon
- Pinus taeda
Pinus taedae0 - Treatment
- vegetative inoculume0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctorius
Pisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont - Outcome
- growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
- Value
- 140 percente0
- Setting
- North Carolina nurserye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After one growing season in the North Carolina nursery, growth stimulation by Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae from vegetative inoculum was 140 percent on seedlings of Pinus taeda”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae stimulated P. virginiana growth approximately 100 percent.
- Taxon
- P. virginiana
Pinus virginianae0 - Treatment
- vegetative inoculume0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
- Value
- approximately 100 percente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth stimulation by Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae from vegetative inoculum was 140 percent on seedlings of Pinus taeda and approximately 100 percent on seedlings of P. virginiana and P. strobus”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae stimulated P. strobus growth approximately 100 percent.
- Taxon
- P. strobus
_-_Killarney%2C_Ontario_01.jpg?width=60)
Pinus strobuse0 - Treatment
- vegetative inoculume0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- stimulatione0
- Value
- approximately 100 percente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Killarney%2C_Ontario_01.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“growth stimulation by Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae from vegetative inoculum was 140 percent on seedlings of Pinus taeda and approximately 100 percent on seedlings of P. virginiana and P. strobus”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus formed 97 percent of P. taeda ectomycorrhizae.
- Taxon
- P. taedaPinus taedae0
- Treatment
- Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- ectomycorrhizae on P. taedae0
- Value
- 97e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithus formed 97, 94, and 77 percent of the ectomycorrhizae on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. strobus”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus formed 94 percent of P. virginiana ectomycorrhizae.
- Taxon
- P. virginianaPinus virginianae0
- Treatment
- Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- ectomycorrhizaee0
- Value
- 94e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithus formed 97, 94, and 77 percent of the ectomycorrhizae on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. strobus”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative Pisolithus formed 77 percent of P. strobus ectomycorrhizae.
- Taxon
- P. strobusPinus strobuse0
- Treatment
- Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- ectomycorrhizaee0
- Value
- 77 percente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vegetative inoculum of Pisolithus formed 97, 94, and 77 percent of the ectomycorrhizae on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. strobus”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Basidiospore inoculum produced less root dominance and growth stimulation than vegetative inoculum.
- Treatment
- basidiospore inoculume0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- dominate the root systems or stimulate seedling growthe0
- Direction
- note0
- Comparator
- vegetative inoculume0
PinusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectomycorrhizae formed from basidiospore inoculum did not dominate the root systems or stimulate seedling growth as much as vegetative inoculum.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
In Florida, both inocula produced Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae in even mixtures with naturally occurring fungal ectomycorrhizae.
- Treatment
- both types of inoculae0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- approximately even mixtures with ectomycorrhizae formed by naturally occurring fungie0
- Setting
- Florida nurserye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the Florida nursery, Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae produced by both types of inocula were in approximately even mixtures with ectomycorrhizae formed by naturally occurring fungi.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae did not stimulate P. taeda growth in Florida.
- Taxon
- P. taedaPinus taedae0
- Treatment
- P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizaee0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- not observede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth stimulation by P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizae was not observed on seedlings of P. taeda , P. elliottii var. elliottii , or P. clausa in this nursery.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae did not stimulate P. elliottii var. elliottii growth in Florida.
- Taxon
- P. elliottii var. elliottii
.jpg?width=60)
Pinus elliottii var. elliottiie0 - Treatment
- P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizaee0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- not observede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Growth stimulation by P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizae was not observed on seedlings of P. taeda , P. elliottii var. elliottii , or P. clausa in this nursery.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae did not stimulate P. clausa growth in Florida.
- Taxon
- P. clausa
Pinus clausae0 - Treatment
- P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizaee0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Growth stimulatione0
- Direction
- not observede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth stimulation by P. tinctorius ectomycorrhizae was not observed on seedlings of P. taeda , P. elliottii var. elliottii , or P. clausa in this nursery.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae failed to develop on P. taeda in Georgia.
- Taxon
- P. taedaPinus taedae0
- Treatment
- P. tinctoriuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Ectomycorrhizal developmente0
- Setting
- Georgia nurserye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectomycorrhizal development by P. tinctorius on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. clausa did not occur in the Georgia nursery”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae failed to develop on P. virginiana in Georgia.
- Taxon
- P. virginianaPinus virginianae0
- Treatment
- P. tinctoriuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Ectomycorrhizal developmente0
- Setting
- Georgia nurserye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectomycorrhizal development by P. tinctorius on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. clausa did not occur in the Georgia nursery”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Pisolithus ectomycorrhizae failed to develop on P. clausa in Georgia.
- Taxon
- P. clausaPinus clausae0
- Treatment
- P. tinctoriuse0
- Interactor
- Pisolithus tinctoriusPisolithus tinctoriust1symbiont
- Outcome
- Ectomycorrhizal developmente0
- Setting
- Georgia nurserye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ectomycorrhizal development by P. tinctorius on P. taeda , P. virginiana , and P. clausa did not occur in the Georgia nursery”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
t1“Pisolithus tinctorius”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant parasitic nematodes and Pythium were isolated from Georgia nursery plots.
- Interactor
- Pythium irregulare- P. debaryanume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Plant-parasitic nematodese0pathogen
- Outcome
- Plant-parasitic nematodes and high populations of Pythium irregulare- P. debaryanum were isolatede0
- Setting
- nurserye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant-parasitic nematodes and high populations of Pythium irregulare- P. debaryanum were isolated from plots in this nursery.”
t0“Pine Seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
Pisolithus tinctorius · growth · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →mycorrhiza · growth · Pinus elliottii (slash pine)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
inoculation · Pisolithus tinctorius · PinusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
mycorrhiza · growth · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
inoculation · Pisolithus tinctorius · Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.