Abstract
BACKGROUND: L.) in this region. METHODS: In this study, seven treatments were implemented, including no waterlogging and exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) as a control (CK); waterlogging at booting (BW), anthesis (AW) and 15 days after anthesis (DAA, FW); and spraying 6-BA before waterlogging at booting (BW-6BA), anthesis (AW-6BA) and 15 DAA (FW-6BA), to determine the ability of 6-BA to alleviate the harmful impact of waterlogging on aboveground biomass production and grain yield. The widely cultivated wheat cultivar "Zhengmai 9023" was used. RESULTS: The results showed that more than 190.0 mm of rainfall, which accounted for approximately 45.0% of the precipitation over the whole wheat growing season, was distributed after the booting stage (April and May). In all waterlogged treatments, the photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and grain yield decreased, but the differences between the CK and the FW treatment were not significant. The grain yield decreased by 18.38%, 41.79% and 5.67% in the BW, AW and FW treatments, respectively. Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis and then decreased the malondialdehyde concentrations of the flag leaves and the third leaf, increased the photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves and enhanced aboveground biomass and grain yield. Among the increments between the treatments, the increments between the BW and BW-6BA treatments were the largest, but between the FW and FW-6BA were smallest. In comparison to the other waterlogging treatments, the grain yields from the FW and FW-6BA treatments were significantly higher because of the higher kernel numbers per spike. The results indicated that waterlogging after the booting stage restrained the dry matter production of winter wheat, but spraying 6-BA before waterlogging slowed the plant senescence rate and reduced grain yield loss.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging reduced wheat photosynthetic rate, biomass and grain yield, except late waterlogging did not differ significantly from control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- waterlogged treatmentse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- differences between the CK and the FW treatment were not significante0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all waterlogged treatments, the photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and grain yield decreased, but the differences between the CK and the FW treatment were not significant.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Booting stage waterlogging decreased wheat grain yield by 18.38%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield decreased by 18.38%, 41.79% and 5.67% in the BW, AW and FW treatments, respectively.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthesis waterlogging decreased wheat grain yield by 41.79%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield decreased by 18.38%, 41.79% and 5.67% in the BW, AW and FW treatments, respectively.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging 15 days after anthesis decreased wheat grain yield by 5.67%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield decreased by 18.38%, 41.79% and 5.67% in the BW, AW and FW treatments, respectively.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced root activity after anthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- after anthesise0
- Treatment
- Spraying 6-BA before waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- root activitiese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging decreased malondialdehyde in flag and third leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- flag leaves and the third leafe0
- Treatment
- Spraying 6-BA before waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde concentrationse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis and then decreased the malondialdehyde concentrations of the flag leaves and the third leaf”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging increased flag leaf photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- flag leavese0
- Treatment
- Spraying 6-BA before waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis and then decreased the malondialdehyde concentrations of the flag leaves and the third leaf, increased the photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging increased aboveground biomass and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying 6-BA before waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- aboveground biomass and grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging enhanced the root activities after anthesis and then decreased the malondialdehyde concentrations of the flag leaves and the third leaf, increased the photosynthetic rate of the flag leaves and enhanced aboveground biomass and grain yield.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield gains from 6-BA were largest at booting and smallest at 15 days after anthesis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- BW-6BAe0
- Outcome
- incrementse0
- Direction
- largeste0
- Comparator
- FW-6BAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increments between the BW and BW-6BA treatments were the largest, but between the FW and FW-6BA were smallest.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late waterlogging with and without 6-BA gave significantly higher grain yields than other waterlogging treatments due to more kernels per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- FW and FW-6BA treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- higher kernel numbers per spikee0
- Comparator
- other waterlogging treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In comparison to the other waterlogging treatments, the grain yields from the FW and FW-6BA treatments were significantly higher because of the higher kernel numbers per spike.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying 6-BA before waterlogging slowed wheat senescence.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spraying 6-BA before waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- plant senescence ratee0
- Direction
- slowede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying 6-BA before waterlogging slowed the plant senescence rate and reduced grain yield loss.”
t0“grain yield of wheat”
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