Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved and regulated catabolic process involved in the degradation of protein aggregates, which plays critical roles in eukaryotes. In plants, multiple molecular processes can induce or suppress autophagy but the mechanism of its regulation by phytohormones is poorly understood. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid phytohormones that play crucial roles in plant response to stresses. Here, we investigate the role of BRs in NBR1-dependent selective autophagy in response to chilling stress in tomato. BRs and their signaling element BZR1 can induce autophagy and accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1 in tomato under chilling stress. Cold increased the stability of BZR1, which was promoted by BRs. Cold- and BR-induced increased BZR1 stability activated the transcription of several autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and NBR1 genes by directly binding to their promoters, which resulted in selective autophagy. Furthermore, silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genes resulted in a decreased accumulation of several functional proteins and an increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, subsequently compromising BR-induced cold tolerance. These results strongly suggest that BRs regulate NBR1-dependent selective autophagy in a BZR1-dependent manner in response to chilling stress in tomato.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
BRs induced autophagy and NBR1 accumulation under chilling stress.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- BRse0
- Gene
- NBR1e0
- Outcome
- autophagy and accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1e0
- Direction
- inducee0
- Qualifier
- under chilling stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRs and their signaling element BZR1 can induce autophagy and accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1 in tomato under chilling stress”
Claim · model-written summary
BZR1 induced autophagy and NBR1 accumulation under chilling stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- BZR1e0
- Gene
- NBR1e0
- Outcome
- autophagy and accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1e0
- Direction
- inducee0
- Qualifier
- under chilling stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRs and their signaling element BZR1 can induce autophagy and accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1 in tomato under chilling stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold increased BZR1 stability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Colde0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- stability of BZR1e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold increased the stability of BZR1, which was promoted by BRs”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BRs promoted cold-induced BZR1 stability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- BRse0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- stability of BZR1e0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold increased the stability of BZR1, which was promoted by BRs”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased BZR1 stability activated transcription of ATGs and NBR1 genes through promoter binding, resulting in selective autophagy.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- transcription of several autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and NBR1 genese0
- Direction
- activatede0
- Qualifier
- by directly binding to their promoterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold- and BR-induced increased BZR1 stability activated the transcription of several autophagy-related genes (ATGs) and NBR1 genes by directly binding to their promoters, which resulted in selective autophagy”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing ATGs decreased accumulation of functional proteins.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of these ATGse0
- Gene
- ATGse0
- Outcome
- accumulation of several functional proteinse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genes resulted in a decreased accumulation of several functional proteins”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing NBR1 genes decreased accumulation of functional proteins.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genese0
- Gene
- NBR1 genese0
- Outcome
- accumulation of several functional proteinse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genes resulted in a decreased accumulation of several functional proteins”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing ATGs or NBR1 genes increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genese0
- Outcome
- accumulation of ubiquitinated proteinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genes resulted in a decreased accumulation of several functional proteins and an increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing ATGs or NBR1 genes compromised BR-induced cold tolerance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genese0
- Outcome
- BR-induced cold tolerancee0
- Direction
- compromisinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silencing of these ATGs or NBR1 genes resulted in a decreased accumulation of several functional proteins and an increased accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, subsequently compromising BR-induced cold tolerance”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred BR regulation of NBR1-dependent selective autophagy through BZR1 under chilling stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- NBR1-dependent selective autophagye0
- Qualifier
- in response to chilling stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BRs regulate NBR1-dependent selective autophagy in a BZR1-dependent manner in response to chilling stress in tomato”
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See all 67 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.