Paper · 2019 · Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on growth and yield parameters of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

Anil Kumar Yadav; Naleeni Ramawat; Dashrath Singh

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
9
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Among the production constraints weed infestation has been recognized as major one, resulting in about one third reduction in crop yields. Herbicides have become a popular choice amongst the farmers for managing weeds in almost all the crops. However with the increasing incidences of herbicide resistance, use of herbicides alternately or in mixtures has been recommended. Keeping this in mind the present experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of CSKHPKV, Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan during kharif seasons of 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the influence of weed management practices on nutrient uptake by weeds and crop in transplanted rice. Results of the study revealed that significantly highest uptake of all the three major nutrients (NPK) by rice was recorded with the application of penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1 though this treatment was at par with all other herbicide treatments except in treatment where butachlor was applied as well as weed free treatment while lowest uptake of all the major nutrients was recorded in weedy check plot. Nutrient uptake by the crop followed the trend of the grain yield. As for the nutrient uptake by weeds is concerned, significantly higher uptake of all the three nutrients was recorded from the weedy check while significantly lowest uptake was from weed free treatment. Amongst different herbicide treatments lowest uptake by weeds was recorded with penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1 though it was at par with all other herbicide treatments except butachlor @ 1500 g ha-1.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Penoxsulam plus butachlor gave the highest NPK uptake by rice.

Treatment
penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1e0
Outcome
uptake of all the three major nutrients (NPK) by ricee0
Direction
higheste0
Setting
Malant0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“significantly highest uptake of all the three major nutrients (NPK) by rice was recorded with the application of penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 695–845 · show in text ↑
t0

“Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 469–506 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The treatment was at par with other herbicides except butachlor and with the weed free treatment.

Outcome
at pare0
Direction
at pare0
Comparator
all other herbicide treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“this treatment was at par with all other herbicide treatments except in treatment where butachlor was applied as well as weed free treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 853–993 · show in text ↑
t0

“in transplanted rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–658 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The weedy check had the lowest rice nutrient uptake.

Treatment
weedy check plote0
Outcome
uptake of all the major nutrientse0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“lowest uptake of all the major nutrients was recorded in weedy check plot.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1000–1074 · show in text ↑
t0

“in transplanted rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–658 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice nutrient uptake followed grain yield.

Outcome
Nutrient uptake by the crope0
Comparator
grain yielde0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nutrient uptake by the crop followed the trend of the grain yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1141 · show in text ↑
t0

“in transplanted rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–658 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Among herbicides, penoxsulam plus butachlor yielded the lowest weed nutrient uptake.

Treatment
penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1e0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
uptake by weedse0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“lowest uptake by weeds was recorded with penoxsulam + butachlor @ 717.5 g ha-1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1384–1462 · show in text ↑
e1

“in transplanted rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 638–658 · show in text ↑

butachlor · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

97 papers: 90 positive, 7 negative or no effect

89 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

93 papers more in this group

See all 97 papers →

butachlor · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 5 positive, 3 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

Penoxsulam · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

80 papers: 78 positive, 2 negative or no effect

77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

76 papers more in this group

See all 80 papers →

Penoxsulam · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.