Abstract
Abstract There is a growing interest in using natural antifungal compounds for the preservation of foods. The first experiment of this study was investigated an effect of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) and the essential oil (PPEO) in different concentrations mixed with potato dextrose agar (PDA) on spore germination of Penicillum italicum and Penicillum digitatum . in vivo experiments were focused on the treatments offering potential antifungal and antioxidant benefits. Preventive treatments were performed by dipping wounded fruit into the specific concentrations of extract and thereafter, each wound site was infected by inoculating 20 μL of the inoculum of P. italicum or P. digitatum . For curative treatments, fruit were wounded as above, and then inoculated with P. italicum or P. digitatum . Even though data showed no significant differences between PPEO treatments, PPE at 100 and 125 ppm elicited significantly lower spore germination under in vitro conditions compared to the other treatments. The results showed that 75% or/and 100% PPE reduced infected wound percentage and lesion diameter and increased total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activity in “Satsuma” mandarin rind. The tested PPE can be effectively utilized for controlling and curing infections caused by P. italicum and P. digitatum . Practical applications The results obtained in this research could be advantageously used by industry as a request of consumer demand for pesticide‐free food. The results indicate that it is possible to substitute the synthetic compounds with preservatives safer for man and environment.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
PPE at 100 and 125 ppm significantly lowered in vitro spore germination of Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum compared with the other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“on spore germination of Penicillum italicum and Penicillum digitatum”
e1“PPE at 100 and 125 ppm elicited significantly lower spore germination under in vitro conditions compared to the other treatments”
e2“increased total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activity in “Satsuma” mandarin rind”
Claim · model-written summary
PPE at 75% or 100% reduced infected wound percentage and lesion diameter in mandarin fruit inoculated with P. italicum and P. digitatum.
- Taxon
- mandarine1
- Treatment
- 75% or/and 100% PPEe0
- Interactor
- P. italicum
Penicillium italicume2pathogen - Second interactor
- P. digitatum
Penicillium digitatume2pathogen - Outcome
- infected wound percentage and lesion diametere0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“75% or/and 100% PPE reduced infected wound percentage and lesion diameter”
e1“increased total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activity in “Satsuma” mandarin rind”
e2“The tested PPE can be effectively utilized for controlling and curing infections caused by P. italicum and P. digitatum”
Claim · model-written summary
PPE at 75% or 100% increased total phenolic and flavonoid compounds content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in mandarin rind.
- Taxon
- mandarine1
- Treatment
- 75% or/and 100% PPEe0
- Outcome
- total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“75% or/and 100% PPE reduced infected wound percentage and lesion diameter”
e1“increased total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activity in “Satsuma” mandarin rind”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that PPE can be effectively used to control and cure infections by P. italicum and P. digitatum on mandarin.
- Taxon
- mandarine0
- Interactor
- P. italicumPenicillium italicume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. digitatumPenicillium digitatume1pathogen
- Outcome
- controlling and curing infectionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased total phenolic, flavonoid compounds content, and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase activity in “Satsuma” mandarin rind”
e1“The tested PPE can be effectively utilized for controlling and curing infections caused by P. italicum and P. digitatum”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.