Abstract
Sheath rot disease (ShR) caused by Sarocladium oryzae (S. oryzae) infection is an emerging disease that causes severe yield loss by restricting the translocation of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC). Potassium (K) nutrition plays a critical role in disease resistance and the exportation of NSC. However, the physiological mechanisms of K with respect to ShR have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. The objectives of this study were to reveal the mechanisms by which K increases ShR resistance by regulating NSC translocation of rice, therefore, a field experiment combined with an inoculation experiment was conducted. We demonstrate that ShR disease incidence and disease index decreased dramatically with an increasing K application. K deficiency sharply induced the accumulation of NSC in the flag leaf (FL) and flag leaf sheath (FLS) under S. oryzae infection condition, which reduced the contribution of transferred NSC to final yield. A permutational multivariate analysis showed that K deficiency had a greater (49.0%, P < 0.001) effect on the NSC content variation in FL than that of S. oryzae infection (15.0%, P < 0.001). S. oryzae infection dramatically increased the difference in apparent transferred mass of NSC and cell membrane injury of diseased organs between K-deficient and K-sufficient rice. Finally, we demonstrate that cell membrane injury was a limiting factor imposed by K deficiency, which restricts the export of NSC from source organs. This work highlights the importance of K in improving ShR resistance by regulating NSC translocation (particularly the stem NSC).
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing potassium application reduced sheath rot incidence and index.
- Treatment
- increasing K applicatione0
- Outcome
- ShR disease incidence and disease indexe0
- Direction
- decreased dramaticallye0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“ShR disease incidence and disease index decreased dramatically with an increasing K application”
Claim · model-written summary
Under infection, potassium deficiency increased NSC accumulation in the flag leaf and sheath.
- Organ / stage
- flag leaf (FL) and flag leaf sheath (FLS)e0
- Treatment
- K deficiencye0
- Interactor
- S. oryzae
Sarocladium oryzaee0 - Outcome
- accumulation of NSCe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K deficiency sharply induced the accumulation of NSC in the flag leaf (FL) and flag leaf sheath (FLS) under S. oryzae infection condition”
Claim · model-written summary
This accumulation reduced transferred NSC contribution to yield.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“which reduced the contribution of transferred NSC to final yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium deficiency explained 49.0% of flag-leaf NSC variation.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“K deficiency had a greater (49.0%, P < 0.001) effect on the NSC content variation in FL than that of S. oryzae infection (15.0%, P < 0.001)”
Claim · model-written summary
S. oryzae infection explained 15.0% of flag-leaf NSC variation.
- Interactor
- S. oryzaeSarocladium oryzaee0
- Outcome
- NSC content variation in FLe0
- Value
- 15.0%e0
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K deficiency had a greater (49.0%, P < 0.001) effect on the NSC content variation in FL than that of S. oryzae infection (15.0%, P < 0.001)”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection increased the between-potassium-treatment difference in apparent NSC transfer and cell-membrane injury.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- S. oryzae infectione0
- Interactor
- S. oryzaeSarocladium oryzaee0
- Outcome
- difference in apparent transferred mass of NSC and cell membrane injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- K-deficient and K-sufficient ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S. oryzae infection dramatically increased the difference in apparent transferred mass of NSC and cell membrane injury of diseased organs between K-deficient and K-sufficient rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors identify membrane injury caused by potassium deficiency as a limit to NSC export.
- Treatment
- K deficiencye0
- Outcome
- export of NSC from source organse0
- Direction
- restrictse0
- Qualifier
- cell membrane injurye0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“cell membrane injury was a limiting factor imposed by K deficiency, which restricts the export of NSC from source organs”
The same questions in other papers
infection · quality: sugar starch · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
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