Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. While root-secreted SLs are well-known to facilitate plant symbiosis with beneficial microbes, the role of SLs in plant interactions with pathogenic microbes remains largely unexplored. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae). We found that SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild-type (WT) plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae. Strigolactone deficiency also resulted in a higher accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves. Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly. The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, and the coi1-18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars. However, when WT seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased, suggesting a reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugars. Finally, we showed that functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae. We conclude that a reduction in rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactones negatively affect rice defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)
Oryza sativae1 - Interactor
- Pyricularia oryzae
Pyricularia oryzaee1pathogen - Compound
- SLse1
- Outcome
- defensee1
- Qualifier
- negative rolee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild-type plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- SL biosynthesis and perception mutantse2
- Treatment
- chemical inhibition of SLse2
- Interactor
- P. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptible to P. oryzaee2
- Direction
- lesse2
- Comparator
- wild-type (WT) plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“We found that SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild-type (WT) plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone deficiency increased the accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- Strigolactone deficiencye1
- Outcome
- accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexinse1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Strigolactone deficiency also resulted in a higher accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
In rice, SL signaling was downregulated in response to P. oryzae infection.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- P. oryzae infectione2
- Interactor
- P. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- SL signalinge2
- Direction
- downregulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly”
Claim · model-written summary
In rice, jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly in response to P. oryzae infection.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- P. oryzae infectione2
- Interactor
- P. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee2pathogen
- Outcome
- jasmonate and sugar contente2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- markedlye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly”
Claim · model-written summary
The jar1 mutant, unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, accumulated lower levels of sugars in rice.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- jar1 mutante2
- Treatment
- unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucinee2
- Outcome
- levels of sugarse2
- Direction
- lowere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, and the coi1-18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
The coi1-18 RNAi line, perturbed in jasmonate signaling, accumulated lower levels of sugars in rice.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- coi1-18 RNAi linee2
- Treatment
- perturbed in jasmonate signalinge2
- Outcome
- levels of sugarse2
- Direction
- lowere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, and the coi1-18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
When WT rice seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- WT seedlingse2
- Treatment
- sprayed with glucose or sucrosee2
- Outcome
- jasmonate accumulatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“when WT seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonates and sugars appear to have a reciprocal positive interplay in rice.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa)Oryza sativae1
- Compound
- jasmonatese2
- Outcome
- reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugarse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae”
e2“suggesting a reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugars”
Claim · model-written summary
Functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- SL deficiencye1
- Interactor
- P. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee1pathogen
- Compound
- jasmonatee1
- Outcome
- defense against P. oryzaee1
- Qualifier
- functional jasmonate signaling is necessarye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“we showed that functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- a reduction in rice SL contente1
- Interactor
- P. oryzaePyricularia oryzaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- P. oryzae susceptibilitye1
- Qualifier
- by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“We conclude that a reduction in rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.