Abstract
Gamma rays are known to induce random mutations, which are used to enhance the production of biofilms in bacteria. Therefore, to improve the activity of biofilm formation in wild Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (HM6), this bacterial strain was mutated using five doses of gamma irradiation. Sixteen mutants and their wild strain B. amyloliquefaciens (HM6) were tested for biofilm formation under two different (250 and 350 mM) NaCl concentrations. Only six mutants exhibited a significant increase in biofilm formation under 350 mM NaCl. Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain significantly decreased MDA content. In addition, such inoculation inhibited POX and CAT activities, while AsA content was increased. The lowest POX and CAT activities, as well as the highest AsA content, were recorded with mutant M7. The full length cDNA of Giza123 APX1 was cloned, sequenced, and submitted to GenBank under accession number MF804856. In BLASTX analysis, its sequence exhibited 99% homology with the Hordeum vulgare peroxisome type ascorbate peroxidase. RT-PCR revealed variable APX1 expression levels in the stressed and nonstressed Giza123 seedlings. Salt stress upregulated the APX1 expression level in uninoculated?stressed seedlings compared to the uninoculated?unstressed ones. On the other hand, inoculation with M1 and M7 mutants and their wild strain modified the APX1 expression level, where the wild and the M1 mutant downregulated the APX1 expression level, while mutant M7 upregulated its expression level under salt stress.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Six bacterial mutants formed significantly more biofilm at 350 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Outcome
- biofilm formatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 350 mM NaCle0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Only six mutants exhibited a significant increase in biofilm formation under 350 mM NaCl.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with M1 reduced MDA content in salt-stressed barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Giza123e0
- Treatment
- M1e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquifaciens
.jpg?width=60)
Bacillus amyloliquefacienst0symbiont - Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain significantly decreased MDA content.”
t0“Bacillus amyloliquifaciens”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with M7 reduced MDA content in salt-stressed barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Giza123e0
- Treatment
- M7e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquifaciensBacillus amyloliquefacienst0symbiont
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain significantly decreased MDA content.”
t0“Bacillus amyloliquifaciens”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild-strain inoculation reduced MDA content in salt-stressed barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Material
- Giza123e0
- Treatment
- wild straine0
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquifaciensBacillus amyloliquefacienst0symbiont
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain significantly decreased MDA content.”
t0“Bacillus amyloliquifaciens”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation inhibited POX and CAT activities in barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- Inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquifaciensBacillus amyloliquefacienst0symbiont
- Outcome
- POX and CAT activitiese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“such inoculation inhibited POX and CAT activities”
e1“Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain”
t0“Bacillus amyloliquifaciens”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased AsA content in barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- Inoculatione1
- Interactor
- Bacillus amyloliquifaciensBacillus amyloliquefacienst0symbiont
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AsA content was increased”
e1“Inoculation of salt-stressed Giza123 barley seedlings with the two mutants (M1 and M7), which showed distinguishable rep-PCR patterns, and their wild strain”
t0“Bacillus amyloliquifaciens”
Claim · model-written summary
M7 gave the lowest POX and CAT activities.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- mutant M7e0
- Outcome
- POX and CAT activitiese0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest POX and CAT activities, as well as the highest AsA content, were recorded with mutant M7.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
M7 gave the highest AsA content.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- mutant M7e0
- Outcome
- AsA contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest POX and CAT activities, as well as the highest AsA content, were recorded with mutant M7.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Giza123 APX1 cDNA was cloned, sequenced and deposited as MF804856.
Verbatim
e0“The full length cDNA of Giza123 APX1 was cloned, sequenced, and submitted to GenBank under accession number MF804856.”
Claim · model-written summary
The APX1 sequence had 99% homology with Hordeum vulgare peroxisome type ascorbate peroxidase.
- Taxon
- Hordeum vulgareHordeum vulgaree0
- Gene
- Giza123 APX1e1
- Outcome
- homologye0
- Value
- 99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its sequence exhibited 99% homology with the Hordeum vulgare peroxisome type ascorbate peroxidase.”
e1“Giza123 APX1”
Claim · model-written summary
APX1 expression varied between stressed and nonstressed Giza123 seedlings.
Verbatim
e0“RT-PCR revealed variable APX1 expression levels in the stressed and nonstressed Giza123 seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress upregulated APX1 in uninoculated seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Gene
- APX1e0
- Outcome
- APX1 expression levele0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Comparator
- uninoculated?unstressed onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress upregulated the APX1 expression level in uninoculated?stressed seedlings compared to the uninoculated?unstressed ones.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild bacterial strain inoculation downregulated APX1 under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- the wilde0
- Gene
- APX1e0
- Outcome
- APX1 expression levele0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the wild and the M1 mutant downregulated the APX1 expression level, while mutant M7 upregulated its expression level under salt stress.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
M1 inoculation downregulated APX1 under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- M1 mutante0
- Gene
- APX1e0
- Outcome
- APX1 expression levele0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the wild and the M1 mutant downregulated the APX1 expression level, while mutant M7 upregulated its expression level under salt stress.”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
M7 inoculation upregulated APX1 under salt stress.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- mutant M7e0
- Gene
- APX1e0
- Outcome
- APX1 expression levele0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the wild and the M1 mutant downregulated the APX1 expression level, while mutant M7 upregulated its expression level under salt stress.”
t0“barley”
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