Abstract
It is not known how the uptake and retention of the key osmolyte K(+) in cells are mediated in growing leaf tissue. In the present study on the growing leaf 3 of barley, we have cloned the full-length coding sequence of three genes which encode putative K(+) channels (HvAKT1, HvAKT2, HvKCO1/HvTPK1), and of one gene which encodes a putative K(+) transporter (HvHAK4). The functionality of the gene products of HvAKT1 and HvAKT2 was tested through expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Both are inward-rectifying K(+) channels which are inhibited by Cs(+). Function of HvAKT1 in oocytes requires co-expression of a calcineurin-interacting protein kinase (AtCIPK23) and a calcineurin B-like protein (AtCBL9) from Arabidopsis, showing cross-species complementation of function. In planta, HvAKT1 is expressed primarily in roots, but is also expressed in leaf tissue. HvAKT2 is expressed particularly in leaf tissue, and HvHAK4 is expressed particularly in growing leaf tissue. Within leaves, HvAKT1 and HvAKT2 are expressed predominantly in mesophyll. Expression of genes changes little in response to low external K(+) or salinity, despite major changes in K(+) concentrations and osmolality of cells. Possible contributions of HvAKT1, HvAKT2, HvKCO1 and HvHAK4 to regulation of K(+) relations of growing barley leaf cells are discussed.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Three putative potassium channel genes and one putative transporter gene were cloned from barley.
- Taxon
- barley
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Hordeum vulgaret0 - Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Outcome
- full-length coding sequencee0
- Value
- three genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“cloned the full-length coding sequence of three genes which encode putative K(+) channels (HvAKT1, HvAKT2, HvKCO1/HvTPK1), and of one gene which encodes a putative K(+) transporter (HvHAK4)”
e1“growing leaf 3 of barley”
Claim · model-written summary
HvAKT1 and HvAKT2 function as inward-rectifying potassium channels inhibited by cesium.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvAKT1e1
- Outcome
- inward-rectifying K(+) channels which are inhibited by Cs(+)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Both are inward-rectifying K(+) channels which are inhibited by Cs(+)”
e1“(HvAKT1, HvAKT2, HvKCO1/HvTPK1)”
Claim · model-written summary
HvAKT1 function in oocytes required co-expression of AtCIPK23 and AtCBL9.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvAKT1e0
- Outcome
- Function of HvAKT1 in oocytese0
- Qualifier
- co-expression of a calcineurin-interacting protein kinase (AtCIPK23) and a calcineurin B-like protein (AtCBL9)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Function of HvAKT1 in oocytes requires co-expression of a calcineurin-interacting protein kinase (AtCIPK23) and a calcineurin B-like protein (AtCBL9) from Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
HvAKT1 was expressed chiefly in roots and also in leaves.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvAKT1e0
- Outcome
- expressed primarily in roots, but is also expressed in leaf tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“HvAKT1 is expressed primarily in roots, but is also expressed in leaf tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
HvAKT2 expression was especially evident in leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvAKT2e0
- Outcome
- expressed particularly in leaf tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“HvAKT2 is expressed particularly in leaf tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
HvHAK4 expression was especially evident in growing leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Gene
- HvHAK4e0
- Outcome
- expressed particularly in growing leaf tissuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“HvHAK4 is expressed particularly in growing leaf tissue”
Claim · model-written summary
HvAKT1 and HvAKT2 expression within leaves was predominantly mesophyll-localized.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- mesophylle0
- Outcome
- expressed predominantly in mesophylle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Within leaves, HvAKT1 and HvAKT2 are expressed predominantly in mesophyll”
Claim · model-written summary
Gene expression changed little under low external potassium or salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- low external K(+) or salinitye0
- Outcome
- Expression of genese0
- Direction
- changes littlee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“Expression of genes changes little in response to low external K(+) or salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cellular potassium concentration and osmolality changed markedly under low external potassium or salinity.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- low external K(+) or salinitye0
- Outcome
- K(+) concentrations and osmolality of cellse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley”
e0“low external K(+) or salinity, despite major changes in K(+) concentrations and osmolality of cells”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · molecular: expression · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.