Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Central Institute for Cotton Research Farm, Nagpur for three years in medium deep clay loam soil. The experiment was laid out in RBD design with three replications consist of three herbicide based weed management packages in intercropping of non Bt cotton + soybean and two sole crops. Non Bt cotton+ soybean intercropping reduced seed cotton yields considerably in a year of very 640 mm higher rainfall over normal caused over growth of soybean. In second year also the seed cotton yields were low due to very high incidence of Helicoverpa armigera caused non recovery of intercropped cotton. The intercropped soybean grain yields were non significantly influenced in all the years by herbicide treatments and intercropping. The conventional herbicide package consists of Pendimethalin 0.75 kg a. i. ha-1 as PPI along with two interculture operations at 21 and 42 DAS was found to be most efficient. However, most economical and relatively efficient rice herbicides were Butachlor 1.0 kg as PPI or Oxyflurofen 0.1 kg a. i. ha-1 as pre emergence with two hoeings at 30 and 45 DAS and one hand weeding at 21 DAS to remove any herbicide resistant broad leaf weeds. All three herbicide packages tested were efficient economical and easily adoptable due to their local availability and all ready being used in rice ecosystem. Subsequently results were validated and demonstrated in Bt and non Bt hybrid cotton in station, on farm trials and farmers fields in the last 15 years.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton–soybean intercropping considerably reduced seed cotton yield in the high rainfall year.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- cotton+ soybean intercroppinge0
- Interactor
- soybean
Glycine maxe0other - Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- a year of very 640 mm higher rainfall over normale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Non Bt cotton+ soybean intercropping reduced seed cotton yields considerably in a year of very 640 mm higher rainfall over normal caused over growth of soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
High Helicoverpa armigera incidence accompanied low seed cotton yields in the second year.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- Helicoverpa armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae0pest - Outcome
- seed cotton yieldse0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In second year also the seed cotton yields were low due to very high incidence of Helicoverpa armigera caused non recovery of intercropped cotton.”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments did not significantly influence intercropped soybean grain yields.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yieldse0
- Qualifier
- in all the yearse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intercropped soybean grain yields were non significantly influenced in all the years by herbicide treatments and intercropping.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping did not significantly influence soybean grain yields.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yieldse0
- Qualifier
- in all the yearse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intercropped soybean grain yields were non significantly influenced in all the years by herbicide treatments and intercropping.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin with two interculture operations was the most efficient package.
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin 0.75 kg a. i. ha-1 as PPI along with two interculture operations at 21 and 42 DASe0
- Outcome
- most efficiente0
- Direction
- most efficiente0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The conventional herbicide package consists of Pendimethalin 0.75 kg a. i. ha-1 as PPI along with two interculture operations at 21 and 42 DAS was found to be most efficient.”
Claim · model-written summary
Butachlor with hoeing and hand weeding was judged economical and relatively efficient.
- Treatment
- Butachlor 1.0 kg as PPIe0
- Outcome
- most economical and relatively efficiente0
- Qualifier
- two hoeings at 30 and 45 DAS and one hand weeding at 21 DASe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“most economical and relatively efficient rice herbicides were Butachlor 1.0 kg as PPI or Oxyflurofen 0.1 kg a. i. ha-1 as pre emergence with two hoeings at 30 and 45 DAS and one hand weeding at 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyflurofen with hoeing and hand weeding was judged economical and relatively efficient.
- Treatment
- Oxyflurofen 0.1 kg a. i. ha-1 as pre emergencee0
- Outcome
- most economical and relatively efficiente0
- Qualifier
- two hoeings at 30 and 45 DAS and one hand weeding at 21 DASe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“most economical and relatively efficient rice herbicides were Butachlor 1.0 kg as PPI or Oxyflurofen 0.1 kg a. i. ha-1 as pre emergence with two hoeings at 30 and 45 DAS and one hand weeding at 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
All three tested herbicide packages were considered efficient, economical and adoptable.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“All three herbicide packages tested were efficient economical and easily adoptable due to their local availability and all ready being used in rice ecosystem.”
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See all 460 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.