Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during 2004-05 and 2005-06 at Varanasi to find out the effect of nitrogen levels (0 and 25 kg N/ha for pigeonpea and 50,75 and 100 kg N/ha for rice) and weed management practices(weedy check, pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha, pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing and 2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing) on growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] and rice (Oryza sativa L.), pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter and nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns. Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns. Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to rice did not show any significant effect on growth, yield attributes and yields of pigeonpea as well as pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, whereas growth, yield attributes and yields of rice significantly increased up to 75 kg N/ha. Weed numbers, weed dry matter, nitrogen removal by weeds increased with increasing N levels up to 100 N/ha in rice. Among weed management practices, 2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing found at par with pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing in respect of growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpea. Significantly higher values of growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield were recorded with 2 hand weedings than other weed management practices. In respect to growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield; next weed management practice in order of superiority was pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing which gave significantly higher net returns among all weed management practices.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops.
- Taxon
- pigeonpea
Cajanus cajane0 - Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes and yields of both cropse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased pigeonpea grain equivalent yield and nitrogen uptake by the cropping system.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane1
- Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae1
- Outcome
- pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping systeme1
- Direction
- highere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased weed numbers and weed dry matter.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- weed numbers, weed dry mattere2
- Direction
- highere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased weed control efficiency.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye2
- Direction
- highere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased nitrogen removal by weeds.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- nitrogen removal by weedse2
- Direction
- highere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea significantly increased net returns.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane2
- Treatment
- Application of 25 kg N/hae2
- Outcome
- net returnse2
- Direction
- highere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of 25 kg N/ha to pigeonpea gave significantly higher value of growth and yield attributes and yields of both crops, pigeonpea grain equivalent yield, nitrogen uptake by cropping system, weed numbers, weed dry matter, weed control efficiency, nitrogen removal by weeds and net returns”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 50 to 100 kg N/ha to rice had no significant effect on growth, yield attributes and grain equivalent yield of pigeonpea.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane3
- Treatment
- Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to ricee3
- Outcome
- growth, yield attributes and yields of pigeonpea as well as pigeonpea grain equivalent yielde3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to rice did not show any significant effect on growth, yield attributes and yields of pigeonpea as well as pigeonpea grain equivalent yield”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying 50 to 100 kg N/ha to rice significantly increased rice growth and yield attributes up to 75 kg N/ha.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae4 - Treatment
- Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to ricee3
- Outcome
- growth, yield attributes and yields of ricee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- up to 75 kg N/hae4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Application of increasing levels of nitrogen from 50 to 100 kg/ha to rice did not show any significant effect on growth, yield attributes and yields of pigeonpea as well as pigeonpea grain equivalent yield”
e4“whereas growth, yield attributes and yields of rice significantly increased up to 75 kg N/ha”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing rice nitrogen up to 100 kg N/ha increased weed numbers, weed dry matter and nitrogen removal by weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae5
- Treatment
- increasing N levelse5
- Interactor
- weedse5weed
- Outcome
- Weed numbers, weed dry matter, nitrogen removal by weedse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- up to 100 N/hae5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Weed numbers, weed dry matter, nitrogen removal by weeds increased with increasing N levels up to 100 N/ha in rice”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing were at par with pendimethalin plus one hand weeding for growth and yield attributes of pigeonpea.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane6
- Treatment
- 2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowinge6
- Outcome
- growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpeae6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
- Comparator
- pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“2 hand weedings at 15 and 45 days after sowing found at par with pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing in respect of growth, yield attributes and yield of pigeonpea”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand weedings significantly increased growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield compared with other weed management practices.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- 2 hand weedingse7
- Outcome
- growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yielde7
- Direction
- highere7
- Comparator
- other weed management practicese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Significantly higher values of growth, yield attributes and yields of rice and pigeonpea grain equivalent yield were recorded with 2 hand weedings than other weed management practices”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin at 1.0 kg/ha plus one hand weeding at 45 days after sowing gave significantly higher net returns than all other weed management practices.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowinge0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- all weed management practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin @1.0 kg/ha+1 hand weeding at 45 days after sowing which gave significantly higher net returns among all weed management practices”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) and rice (Oryza sativa)”
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