Abstract
AbstractDual inoculation effects of rhizobacteria andAMF as well as the addition of chemical fertilizerson photosynthesis were studied by analyzingprocess of CO2 gas exchange, chlorophyll content,nutrient uptake, sugar content and growth of sweetsorghum. AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteria increasedsugar content of sweet sorghum stems andpotassium content of sweet sorghum leaves,whereas its interaction with chemical fertilizerssignificantly increased chlorophyll content, sugarcontent and mycorrhizal colonization of sorghumplant roots. Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizers increased sugar content, rootweight and mycorrhizal colonization. The use ofAMF solely or its interaction with rhizobacteriaand chemical fertilizers had a great potential inimproving photosynthesis process of sweetsorghum. The process is associated with increasingcrop productivity, such as sugar content ofsorghum which is potential as a source ofrenewable energy.AbstrakPengaruh inokulasi ganda rizobakteri danFMA dengan penambahan pupuk kimia dipelajaridengan cara menganalisis proses pertukaran gas CO2, kandungan klorofil, kandungan hara dan gula,pertumbuhan dan produktivitas sorgum manis.Inokulasi FMA sebagai kultur tunggal dapatmeningkatkan asimilasi karbon, konduktansistomata, konsentrasi CO2 interselular, kandunganfosfor, kandungan klorofil, kandungan gula, tinggitanaman, berat batang dan derajat kolonisasimikoriza. Interaksi antara rizobakteri dan FMAdapat meningkatkan kandungan gula batang dankalium daun sorgum manis, sedangkan interaksinyadengan pupuk kimia dapat meningkatkan kandunganklorofil dan gula serta derajat kolonisasimikoriza pada perakaran sorgum manis. Sementaraitu, interaksi FMA, rizobakteri dan pupuk kimiadapat meningkatkan kandungan gula batang, beratakar dan derajat kolonisasi mikoriza pada perakaransorgum manis. Penggunaan FMA baik sendirimaupun interaksinya dengan rizobakteri dan pupukkimia memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkanproses fotosintesis sorgum manis. Proses tersebutberkaitan dengan peningkatan produktivitas sorgummanis dalam hal ini kandungan gula sorgum manisyang berpotensi sebagai sumber energi terbarukan.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alone increased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- AMF inoculation as a single culturee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alone increased phosphorus, chlorophyll and sugar content.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculation as a single culturee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alone increased plant height and shoot weight.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculation as a single culturee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- plantheight, shoot weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF alone increased mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculation as a single culturee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation as a single cultureincreased carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration, phosphoruscontent, chlorophyll content, sugar content, plantheight, shoot weight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF and rhizobacteria together increased stem sugar content.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteriae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- rhizobacteriaHyphomicrobialese0symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar content of sweet sorghum stemse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteria increasedsugar content of sweet sorghum stems andpotassium content of sweet sorghum leaves”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF and rhizobacteria together increased leaf potassium content.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteriae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- rhizobacteriaHyphomicrobialese0symbiont
- Outcome
- potassium content of sweet sorghum leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AMF and rhizobacteria increasedsugar content of sweet sorghum stems andpotassium content of sweet sorghum leaves”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF with chemical fertilizer significantly increased chlorophyll and sugar content.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- interaction with chemical fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, sugarcontente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its interaction with chemical fertilizerssignificantly increased chlorophyll content, sugarcontent and mycorrhizal colonization of sorghumplant roots”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF with fertilizer significantly increased root mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- interaction with chemical fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonization of sorghumplant rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its interaction with chemical fertilizerssignificantly increased chlorophyll content, sugarcontent and mycorrhizal colonization of sorghumplant roots”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF, rhizobacteria and fertilizer together increased sugar content.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizerse0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- rhizobacteriaHyphomicrobialese0symbiont
- Outcome
- sugar contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizers increased sugar content, rootweight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF, rhizobacteria and fertilizer together increased root weight.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizerse0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- rhizobacteriaHyphomicrobialese0symbiont
- Outcome
- rootweighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizers increased sugar content, rootweight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF, rhizobacteria and fertilizer together increased mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizerse0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Second interactor
- rhizobacteriaHyphomicrobialese0symbiont
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of AMF, rhizobacteria andchemical fertilizers increased sugar content, rootweight and mycorrhizal colonization.”
t0“sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
mycorrhiza · disease · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
inoculation · disease · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →mycorrhiza · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
fertilization · disease · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
inoculation · quality: sugar starch · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
fertilization · physiology: pigments · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
fertilization · quality: sugar starch · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.