Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Piriformospora indica to colonize the root of Chenopodium quinoa and to verify whether this endosymbiont can improve the growth, performance and drought resistance of this species. The study delivered, for the first time, evidence for successful colonization of P. indica in quinoa. Hence, pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse, where inoculated and non‐inoculated plants were subjected to ample (40%–50% WHC ) and deficit (15%–20% WHC ) irrigation treatments. Drought adversely influenced the plant growth, leading to decline the total plant biomass by 74%. This was linked to an impaired photosynthetic activity (caused by lower g s and C i /C a ratio; stomatal limitation of photosynthesis) and a higher risk of ROS production (enhanced ETR /A gross ratio). P. indica colonization improved quinoa plant growth, with total biomass increased by 8% (controls) and 76% (drought‐stressed plants), confirming the growth‐promoting activity of P. indica . Fungal colonization seems to diminish drought‐induced growth hindrance, likely, through an improved water balance, reflected by the higher leaf ψ w and g s . Additionally, stomatal limitation of photosynthesis was alleviated (indicated by enhanced C i /C a ratio and A net ), so that the threat of oxidative stress was minimized (decreased ETR /A gross ). These results infer that symbiosis with P. indica could negate some of the detrimental effects of drought on quinoa growth, a highly desired feature, in particular at low water availability.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica successfully colonized quinoa roots.
- Taxon
- quinoa
Chenopodium quinoae0 - Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- successful colonizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“successful colonization of P. indica in quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced total quinoa biomass by 74%.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Droughte0
- Outcome
- total plant biomasse0
- Direction
- declinee0
- Value
- 74%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought adversely influenced the plant growth, leading to decline the total plant biomass by 74%”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought impaired photosynthetic activity in quinoa.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Droughte1
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activitye0
- Direction
- impairede0
- Qualifier
- lower g s and C i /C a ratioe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was linked to an impaired photosynthetic activity (caused by lower g s and C i /C a ratio; stomatal limitation of photosynthesis)”
e1“Drought adversely influenced the plant growth”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought raised the ETR /A gross ratio in quinoa, indicating greater ROS risk.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- limited water availabilityt0
- Outcome
- ETR /A gross ratioe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher risk of ROS production (enhanced ETR /A gross ratio)”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa at limited water availability”
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica colonization increased quinoa biomass by 8% in controls.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae0
- Treatment
- P. indica colonizatione0
- Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8%e0
- Qualifier
- controlse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. indica colonization improved quinoa plant growth, with total biomass increased by 8% (controls) and 76% (drought‐stressed plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
P. indica colonization increased quinoa biomass by 76% under drought.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae0
- Treatment
- P. indica colonizatione0
- Interactor
- P. indicaSerendipita indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 76%e0
- Qualifier
- drought‐stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. indica colonization improved quinoa plant growth, with total biomass increased by 8% (controls) and 76% (drought‐stressed plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal colonization increased leaf water potential and stomatal conductance under drought.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Fungal colonizatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf ψ w and g se0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungal colonization seems to diminish drought‐induced growth hindrance, likely, through an improved water balance, reflected by the higher leaf ψ w and g s .”
t0“Piriformospora indica on the plant water relations, gas exchange and growth of Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal colonization alleviated stomatal limitation of photosynthesis, with enhanced C i /C a ratio and A net .
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Piriformospora indicat0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- C i /C a ratio and A nete0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stomatal limitation of photosynthesis was alleviated (indicated by enhanced C i /C a ratio and A net )”
t0“Piriformospora indica on the plant water relations, gas exchange and growth of Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal colonization decreased ETR /A gross and minimized oxidative stress threat.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Piriformospora indicat0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- ETR /A grosse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the threat of oxidative stress was minimized (decreased ETR /A gross )”
t0“Piriformospora indica on the plant water relations, gas exchange and growth of Chenopodium quinoa”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.