Abstract
A field experimentation was conducted during 2009-2011 at CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India characterized with wet-temperate climate and acid Alfisol soil having medium available phosphorus content. The study aimed at bio-fortification and quality enhancement of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)–pea (Pisum sativum) cropping system through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae) at varying inorganic phosphorus (50, 75, and 100% soil-test-based recommended P dose) and irrigation regimes (40 and 80% available water capacity) in a Himalayan acid Alfisol. The results revealed that AMF and inorganic P significantly enhanced the concentrations and uptake of various primary [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)]; secondary [calcium (Ca)]; and micronutrients [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), boron (B), and molybdenum (Mo)] in okra and pea crops. However, effects of varying irrigation regimes were found to be nominal. In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts. Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts. Application of soil-test-based P dose from 50% to 100% P also resulted in significant and consistent improvement in N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake both in okra and pea and in Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe uptake in pea crop. Magnitude of increase in Ca content was to the tune of 13 and 4%, respectively, in okra fruits and pea pods following AMF inoculation, whereas crude protein content enhanced by 4% each in both the crops. Overall, the current study demonstrates the important role of AMF in nutrient enrichment and quality enhancement of okra and pea crops in acid Alfisol, besides considerable reduction in investment on chemical fertilizers. Results of current study suggest that AMF use in Himalayan production systems is of tremendous significance to harvest nutritionally-rich farm produce for Himalayan communities suffering from malnutrition especially anemia and Zn deficiency, and equally to resource-poor Himalayan farmers who ill-afford expensive external inputs.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised N uptake in okra by 5 relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse1 - Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- considerably enhancede1
- Value
- 5e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised P uptake in okra by 19 relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- considerably enhancede1
- Value
- 19e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised K uptake in okra by 3 relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- considerably enhancede1
- Value
- 3e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised B uptake in okra by 4 relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- considerably enhancede1
- Value
- 4e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Mo uptake in okra by 15 relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- considerably enhancede1
- Value
- 15e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“In okra, AMF inoculation considerably enhanced N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake by 5, 19, 3, 4, and 15%, respectively, over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised N uptake in pea by 10% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 10%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised P uptake in pea by 26% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 26%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised K uptake in pea by 7% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Fe uptake in pea by 7% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Cu uptake in pea by 38% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 38%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Zn uptake in pea by 20% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Mn uptake in pea by 4% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 4%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised B uptake in pea by 7% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 7%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation raised Mo uptake in pea by 13% relative to non-AMF plants.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- uptakee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 13%e1
- Comparator
- non-AMF counterpartse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Likewise in pea, a higher amount of N (10%), P (26%), K (7%), Fe (7%), Cu (38%), Zn (20%), Mn (4%), B (7%), and Mo (13%) uptake was registered through AMF inoculation over their non-AMF counterparts”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased Ca content in okra fruits by 13.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse1
- Organ / stage
- okra fruitse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Ca contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 13e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Magnitude of increase in Ca content was to the tune of 13 and 4%, respectively, in okra fruits and pea pods following AMF inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased Ca content in pea pods by 4%.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Organ / stage
- pea podse1
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Ca contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 4%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“Magnitude of increase in Ca content was to the tune of 13 and 4%, respectively, in okra fruits and pea pods following AMF inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation enhanced crude protein content in okra by 4%.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse2
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- crude protein contente1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 4%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“following AMF inoculation, whereas crude protein content enhanced by 4% each in both the crops”
e2“in okra and pea crops”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation enhanced crude protein content in pea by 4%.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse2
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- crude protein contente1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 4%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus mosseae)”
e1“following AMF inoculation, whereas crude protein content enhanced by 4% each in both the crops”
e2“in okra and pea crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying a soil-test-based P dose from 50% to 100% P significantly and consistently improved N, P, K, B and Mo uptake in okra and pea.
- Taxon
- okra and peaLathyrus oleraceusAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- soil-test-based P dose from 50% to 100% Pe0
- Outcome
- uptakee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- from 50%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of soil-test-based P dose from 50% to 100% P also resulted in significant and consistent improvement in N, P, K, B, and Mo uptake both in okra and pea”
Claim · model-written summary
Varying irrigation regimes had only a nominal effect on the okra–pea system.
- Taxon
- okra–peaLathyrus oleraceusAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- varying irrigation regimese0
- Outcome
- effectse0
- Direction
- nominale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“okra–pea cropping system”
e0“However, effects of varying irrigation regimes were found to be nominal”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 40 papers →mycorrhiza · nutrient: content · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
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mycorrhiza · quality: protein · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
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See all 5 papers →phosphorus · nutrient: content · Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)Results agree
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.