Abstract
cv. Tempranillo vines growing in a semiarid zone of Extremadura (Spain). The grapes were monitored at different stages of ripening, measuring the peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) antioxidant activities and the phenolic content (flavonoids and phenylpropanoids), together with other parameters. The irrigation regime was adjusted to provide 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc). The findings confirmed previous results that both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle. The SOD activity remained practically constant throughout ripening in the thinned treatments and was always lower than in the unthinned treatments, an aspect which could have been the cause of the observed greater level of lipid peroxidation in the water deficit, thinned treatment. The nonspecific peroxidase activity was very low, especially in the thinned treatments. The effect of thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficit, inducing increases in phenylpropanoids and, above all, flavonoids at the harvest stage of ripening, while leaving the polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) unaffected.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster thinning advanced grape ripening.
Verbatim
e0“both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit advanced grape ripening.
Verbatim
e0“both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation lengthened the grape growth cycle.
Verbatim
e0“both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
High crop load lengthened the grape growth cycle.
Verbatim
e0“both thinning and water deficit advance ripening, while irrigation and high crop load (no thinning) lengthen the growth cycle.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD activity stayed practically constant during ripening in thinned treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The SOD activity remained practically constant throughout ripening in the thinned treatments”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
SOD activity was lower in thinned than unthinned treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The SOD activity remained practically constant throughout ripening in the thinned treatments and was always lower than in the unthinned treatments”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest lower SOD could explain greater lipid peroxidation under water deficit and thinning.
Verbatim
e0“an aspect which could have been the cause of the observed greater level of lipid peroxidation in the water deficit, thinned treatment.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonspecific peroxidase activity was very low, especially with thinning.
Verbatim
e0“The nonspecific peroxidase activity was very low, especially in the thinned treatments.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning with water deficit increased phenylpropanoids at harvest.
- Taxon
- Grapest0
- Organ / stage
- harvest stage of ripeninge0
- Treatment
- thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficite0
- Outcome
- phenylpropanoidse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The effect of thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficit, inducing increases in phenylpropanoids and, above all, flavonoids at the harvest stage of ripening, while leaving the polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) unaffected.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning with water deficit increased flavonoids especially at harvest.
- Taxon
- Grapest0
- Organ / stage
- harvest stage of ripeninge0
- Treatment
- thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficite0
- Outcome
- flavonoidse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The effect of thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficit, inducing increases in phenylpropanoids and, above all, flavonoids at the harvest stage of ripening, while leaving the polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) unaffected.”
t0“Grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning with water deficit left PPO activity unaffected.
- Taxon
- Grapest0
- Treatment
- thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficite0
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO)e0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The effect of thinning was enhanced when combined with water deficit, inducing increases in phenylpropanoids and, above all, flavonoids at the harvest stage of ripening, while leaving the polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) unaffected.”
t0“Grapes”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.