Abstract
To explore the dwarfing mechanism of tomato seedlings induced by cold-shock treatment followed by high temperature, tomato seedlings were subjected to cold-shock treatment once a day at 8:00 with temperature of 5, 10 and 15 °C for 10, 20 and 30 min, respectively, and ethylene production rate was measured. Plant height, ethylene production and gibberellin (GA3) content of the seedlings treated with T10 °C D10 min (cold-shock with 10 °C for 10 min), coupled with utilization of growth regulators, were also evaluated. The results showed that the release of ethylene was increased with the decrease of cold-shock temperature and extension of treatment time. The cold-shock treatment of 5 °C and 30 min had the highest ethylene production rate of 60.3 nL h-1 . g-1, which was 6.5 times of the control. None of ethephon (ETH), silver thiosulphate (STS), GA, or paclobutrazol (PP333) could completely block high ethylene production induced by cold-shock treatment. Tomato seedlings with cold-shock treatment (T10 °C D10 min ) resulted in reduction in GA3 content by 38.1% compared with the value of control (130.6 µg . g-1). Neither ethephon nor STS had significant effect on the dwarfing induced by cold-shock. However, GA3 weakened the dwarfing effect induced by cold-shock treatment (T10 °C D10 min), while PP333 greatly enhanced it. The dwarfing effect by cold-shock treatment of T10 °C D10 min was equivalent to that of application of 4.0 mg . L-1 PP333 based on the seedling height as an evaluation indicator. It was concluded that cold-shock treatment stimulated shoot ethylene production and blocked GA3 synthesis. GA3 played a vital role in dwarfing effect on tomato seedling induced by cold-shock treatment. Cold-shock with 10 °C and duration of 10 min could promote the growth of tomato seedlings with shorter stem and higher dry mass accumulation.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene release increased as cold shock temperature decreased and exposure time lengthened.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- cold-shock temperature and extension of treatment timee0
- Outcome
- release of ethylenee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“The results showed that the release of ethylene was increased with the decrease of cold-shock temperature and extension of treatment time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold shock at 5 °C for 30 min gave the highest ethylene production rate, 60.3 nL h-1 . g-1, 6.5 times control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold-shock treatment of 5 °C and 30 mine0
- Outcome
- ethylene production ratee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 60.3 nL h-1 . g-1e0
- Qualifier
- 6.5 times of the controle0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“The cold-shock treatment of 5 °C and 30 min had the highest ethylene production rate of 60.3 nL h-1 . g-1, which was 6.5 times of the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon did not completely block the high ethylene production induced by cold shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- high ethylene productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“None of ethephon (ETH), silver thiosulphate (STS), GA, or paclobutrazol (PP333) could completely block high ethylene production induced by cold-shock treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silver thiosulphate did not completely block high ethylene production induced by cold shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- silver thiosulphatee0
- Outcome
- high ethylene productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“None of ethephon (ETH), silver thiosulphate (STS), GA, or paclobutrazol (PP333) could completely block high ethylene production induced by cold-shock treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA did not completely block high ethylene production induced by cold shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- GAe0
- Outcome
- high ethylene productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“None of ethephon (ETH), silver thiosulphate (STS), GA, or paclobutrazol (PP333) could completely block high ethylene production induced by cold-shock treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Paclobutrazol did not completely block high ethylene production induced by cold shock.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- paclobutrazole0
- Outcome
- high ethylene productione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“None of ethephon (ETH), silver thiosulphate (STS), GA, or paclobutrazol (PP333) could completely block high ethylene production induced by cold-shock treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold shock at 10 °C for 10 min reduced seedling GA3 content by 38.1% relative to control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold-shock treatment (T10 °C D10 min )e0
- Outcome
- GA3 contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 38.1%e0
- Qualifier
- 130.6 µg . g-1e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“Tomato seedlings with cold-shock treatment (T10 °C D10 min ) resulted in reduction in GA3 content by 38.1% compared with the value of control (130.6 µg . g-1).”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon had no significant effect on cold-shock dwarfing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ethephone0
- Outcome
- dwarfing induced by cold-shocke0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“Neither ethephon nor STS had significant effect on the dwarfing induced by cold-shock.”
Claim · model-written summary
STS had no significant effect on cold-shock dwarfing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- STSe0
- Outcome
- dwarfing induced by cold-shocke0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“Neither ethephon nor STS had significant effect on the dwarfing induced by cold-shock.”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 weakened cold-shock dwarfing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- dwarfing effecte0
- Direction
- weakenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“GA3 weakened the dwarfing effect induced by cold-shock treatment (T10 °C D10 min)”
Claim · model-written summary
PP333 enhanced cold-shock dwarfing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- PP333e0
- Outcome
- ite0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“PP333 greatly enhanced it.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold shock at 10 °C for 10 min had a dwarfing effect equivalent to 4.0 mg . L-1 PP333 by seedling height.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold-shock treatment of T10 °C D10 mine0
- Outcome
- seedling heighte0
- Direction
- equivalente0
- Comparator
- application of 4.0 mg . L-1 PP333e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“The dwarfing effect by cold-shock treatment of T10 °C D10 min was equivalent to that of application of 4.0 mg . L-1 PP333 based on the seedling height as an evaluation indicator.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that cold shock stimulated shoot ethylene production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold-shock treatmente0
- Outcome
- shoot ethylene productione0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“cold-shock treatment stimulated shoot ethylene production”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that cold shock blocked GA3 synthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold-shock treatmente0
- Outcome
- GA3 synthesise0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“cold-shock treatment stimulated shoot ethylene production and blocked GA3 synthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 was considered vital to cold-shock dwarfing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- dwarfing effecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“GA3 played a vital role in dwarfing effect on tomato seedling induced by cold-shock treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold shock at 10 °C for 10 min promoted shorter stems in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cold-shock with 10 °C and duration of 10 mine0
- Outcome
- shorter steme0
- Direction
- shortere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“Cold-shock with 10 °C and duration of 10 min could promote the growth of tomato seedlings with shorter stem and higher dry mass accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold shock at 10 °C for 10 min promoted higher dry mass accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Cold-shock with 10 °C and duration of 10 mine0
- Outcome
- dry mass accumulatione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) seedlings”
e0“Cold-shock with 10 °C and duration of 10 min could promote the growth of tomato seedlings with shorter stem and higher dry mass accumulation.”
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