Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a critical role in plant responses to stress. However, the interplay of BRs and reactive oxygen species signaling in cold stress responses remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a partial loss of function in the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF resulted in lower whilst overexpression of DWARF led to increased levels of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) transcripts. Exposure to cold stress increased BR synthesis and led to an accumulation of brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1), a central component of BR signaling. Mutation of BZR1 compromised the cold- and BR-dependent increases in CBFs and RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG 1(RBOH1) transcripts, as well as preventing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in the apoplast. Cold- and BR-induced BZR1 bound to the promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1 and promoted their expression. Significantly, suppression of RBOH1 expression compromised cold- and BR-induced accumulation of BZR1 and related increases in CBF transcripts. Moreover, RBOH1-dependent H2O2 production regulated BZR1 accumulation and the levels of CBF transcripts by influencing glutathione homeostasis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that crosstalk between BZR1 and reactive oxygen species mediates cold- and BR-activated CBF expression, leading to cold tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Partial loss of DWARF lowered CBF transcripts.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- partial loss of functione0
- Gene
- DWARFe0
- Outcome
- C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) transcriptse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a partial loss of function in the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF resulted in lower whilst overexpression of DWARF led to increased levels of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) transcripts”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
DWARF overexpression increased CBF transcripts.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- overexpression of DWARFe0
- Gene
- DWARFe0
- Outcome
- C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) transcriptse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of DWARF led to increased levels of C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF) transcripts”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress increased BR synthesis.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold stresse0
- Outcome
- BR synthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to cold stress increased BR synthesis and led to an accumulation of brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold stress accumulated BZR1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cold stresse0
- Gene
- brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1)e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1)e0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to cold stress increased BR synthesis and led to an accumulation of brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1)”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BZR1 mutation compromised cold- and BR-induced CBF and RBOH1 transcript increases.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Mutation of BZR1e0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- CBFs and RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG 1(RBOH1) transcriptse0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of BZR1 compromised the cold- and BR-dependent increases in CBFs and RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG 1(RBOH1) transcripts”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BZR1 mutation prevented apoplastic H2O2 accumulation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- apoplaste0
- Treatment
- Mutation of BZR1e0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulatione0
- Direction
- preventinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mutation of BZR1 compromised the cold- and BR-dependent increases in CBFs and RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG 1(RBOH1) transcripts, as well as preventing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation in the apoplast”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold- and BR-induced BZR1 bound promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- bound to the promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold- and BR-induced BZR1 bound to the promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
BZR1 promoted expression of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- BZR1e0
- Outcome
- promoted their expressione0
- Qualifier
- promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cold- and BR-induced BZR1 bound to the promoters of CBF1, CBF3 and RBOH1 and promoted their expression”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RBOH1 suppression compromised cold- and BR-induced BZR1 accumulation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- suppression of RBOH1 expressione0
- Gene
- RBOH1e0
- Outcome
- accumulation of BZR1e0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of RBOH1 expression compromised cold- and BR-induced accumulation of BZR1 and related increases in CBF transcripts”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RBOH1 suppression compromised the associated CBF transcript increases.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- suppression of RBOH1 expressione0
- Gene
- RBOH1e0
- Outcome
- CBF transcriptse0
- Direction
- compromisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suppression of RBOH1 expression compromised cold- and BR-induced accumulation of BZR1 and related increases in CBF transcripts”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RBOH1-dependent H2O2 regulates BZR1 accumulation through glutathione homeostasis.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RBOH1e0
- Compound
- H2O2e0
- Outcome
- BZR1 accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- influencing glutathione homeostasise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RBOH1-dependent H2O2 production regulated BZR1 accumulation and the levels of CBF transcripts by influencing glutathione homeostasis”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RBOH1-dependent H2O2 regulates CBF transcript levels through glutathione homeostasis.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RBOH1e0
- Compound
- H2O2e0
- Outcome
- levels of CBF transcriptse0
- Qualifier
- influencing glutathione homeostasise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RBOH1-dependent H2O2 production regulated BZR1 accumulation and the levels of CBF transcripts by influencing glutathione homeostasis”
t0“Tomato”
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