Abstract
Greenhouse studies determined the influence of 14 adjuvants and desmedipham plus phenmedipham on velvetleaf control and sugarbeet injury by triflusulfuron. A second study determined if six adjuvants, or desmedipham plus phenmedipham, influenced 14 C-triflusulfuron absorption by cotyledon or first true leaves of velvetleaf. Triflusulfuron applied twice at 4.4 g ai ha −1 (split application), alone or in combination with any adjuvant, did not reduce sugarbeet dry weight. Desmedipham plus phenmedipham applied twice at 370 g ai ha −1 (split application) reduced sugarbeet dry weight 3%. The addition of an adjuvant to desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced sugarbeet dry weight 21 to 66% depending on the adjuvant. Sugarbeet injury was not greater when triflusulfuron was applied with any adjuvant (except urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)) plus desmedipham plus phenmedipham compared to desmedipham plus phenmedipham plus the respective adjuvant alone. Velvetleaf was most easily controlled in the cotyledon stage of growth. Velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron increased from 0 (no adjuvant) to 80% by the addition of Scoil or Sylgard 309 plus UAN. Cotyledonary leaves of velvetleaf absorbed 28% more 14 C-triflusulfuron than first true leaves. Adjuvant increased 14 C-triflusulfuron absorption by cotyledonary leaves from 15% (no adjuvant) to 48 to 90%. Desmedipham plus phenmedipham decreased velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus X-77 or X77 plus UAN compared to triflusulfuron plus the adjuvant alone. Velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus other adjuvants was not reduced by desmedipham plus phenmedipham. Absorption of 14 C-triflusulfuron by cotyledonary and first true leaf velvetleaf decreased when desmedipham plus phenmedipham was added to triflusulfuron plus Dash, Dash plus UAN, X-77, X-77 plus UAN, and Sylgard 309 plus UAN.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Split triflusulfuron applications did not reduce sugarbeet dry weight.
- Taxon
- Sugarbeet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Triflusulfuron applied twice at 4.4 g ai ha −1e0
- Outcome
- sugarbeet dry weighte0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Triflusulfuron applied twice at 4.4 g ai ha −1 (split application), alone or in combination with any adjuvant, did not reduce sugarbeet dry weight.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced sugarbeet dry weight by 3%.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Desmedipham plus phenmedipham applied twice at 370 g ai ha −1e0
- Outcome
- sugarbeet dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Desmedipham plus phenmedipham applied twice at 370 g ai ha −1 (split application) reduced sugarbeet dry weight 3%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding adjuvant to desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced sugarbeet dry weight by 21 to 66%.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of an adjuvant to desmedipham plus phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- sugarbeet dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 21 to 66%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“The addition of an adjuvant to desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced sugarbeet dry weight 21 to 66% depending on the adjuvant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding triflusulfuron generally did not increase sugarbeet injury over adjuvant plus desmedipham and phenmedipham, except with UAN.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- triflusulfuron was applied with any adjuvante0
- Outcome
- Sugarbeet injurye0
- Direction
- not greatere0
- Qualifier
- except urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)e0
- Comparator
- desmedipham plus phenmedipham plus the respective adjuvant alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarbeet”
e0“Sugarbeet injury was not greater when triflusulfuron was applied with any adjuvant (except urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)) plus desmedipham plus phenmedipham compared to desmedipham plus phenmedipham plus the respective adjuvant alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf was easiest to control at the cotyledon stage.
- Taxon
- Velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastit0 - Organ / stage
- cotyledon stage of growthe0
- Outcome
- most easily controllede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Velvetleaf was most easily controlled in the cotyledon stage of growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Scoil increased triflusulfuron velvetleaf control from zero to 80%.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- Scoile0
- Outcome
- Velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 80%e0
- Comparator
- no adjuvante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron increased from 0 (no adjuvant) to 80% by the addition of Scoil or Sylgard 309 plus UAN.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sylgard 309 plus UAN increased triflusulfuron velvetleaf control from zero to 80%.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- Sylgard 309 plus UANe0
- Outcome
- Velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 80%e0
- Comparator
- no adjuvante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron increased from 0 (no adjuvant) to 80% by the addition of Scoil or Sylgard 309 plus UAN.”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf cotyledons absorbed 28% more triflusulfuron than first true leaves.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Organ / stage
- Cotyledonary leavese0
- Outcome
- 14 C-triflusulfurone0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 28%e0
- Comparator
- first true leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Cotyledonary leaves of velvetleaf absorbed 28% more 14 C-triflusulfuron than first true leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjuvant raised cotyledonary triflusulfuron absorption from 15% to 48–90%.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- Adjuvante0
- Outcome
- 14 C-triflusulfuron absorptione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 48 to 90%e0
- Comparator
- no adjuvante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Adjuvant increased 14 C-triflusulfuron absorption by cotyledonary leaves from 15% (no adjuvant) to 48 to 90%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced velvetleaf control with triflusulfuron plus X-77.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- Desmedipham plus phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus X-77e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- triflusulfuron plus the adjuvant alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Desmedipham plus phenmedipham decreased velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus X-77 or X77 plus UAN compared to triflusulfuron plus the adjuvant alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desmedipham plus phenmedipham reduced velvetleaf control with triflusulfuron plus X77 and UAN.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- Desmedipham plus phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus X-77 or X77 plus UANe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- triflusulfuron plus the adjuvant alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Desmedipham plus phenmedipham decreased velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus X-77 or X77 plus UAN compared to triflusulfuron plus the adjuvant alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desmedipham plus phenmedipham did not reduce velvetleaf control with other adjuvants.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- desmedipham plus phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- Velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- not reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Velvetleaf control by triflusulfuron plus other adjuvants was not reduced by desmedipham plus phenmedipham.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding desmedipham plus phenmedipham decreased triflusulfuron absorption in velvetleaf cotyledonary and true leaves with several adjuvants.
- Taxon
- VelvetleafAbutilon theophrastit0
- Treatment
- desmedipham plus phenmediphame0
- Outcome
- Absorption of 14 C-triflusulfurone0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- Dash, Dash plus UAN, X-77, X-77 plus UAN, and Sylgard 309 plus UANe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)”
e0“Absorption of 14 C-triflusulfuron by cotyledonary and first true leaf velvetleaf decreased when desmedipham plus phenmedipham was added to triflusulfuron plus Dash, Dash plus UAN, X-77, X-77 plus UAN, and Sylgard 309 plus UAN.”
The same questions in other papers
desmedipham · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
triflusulfuron · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
phenmedipham · growth · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →triflusulfuron · crop injury · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
adjuvant · nutrient: content · Abutilon theophrasti (velvetleaf)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
adjuvant · crop injury · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.