Abstract
The exogenous calcium-induced effects on nitrogen assimilation enzymes and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat seedlings were investigated hydroponically using an ordinary wheat cultivar(Triticum aestivum L. cv.Yumai 34) as the material.Ca2+ treatments with solutions containing 0,2,4,and 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ were initiated immediately after the complete expansion of the first leaf.Wheat seedlings were sampled five days later to determine the activities of nitrate reductase(NR),glutamine synthetase(GS) and NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase(NADH-GDH) in leaves,as well as the amount of nitrogen assimilation.The results showed that Ca2+ had obvious effects on the ability of nitrogen assimilation in wheat seedlings,and ammonium assimilation enzymes responded variously to different Ca2+ concentrations.Significant increases in NR activity were found in plant leaves exposed to 2 and 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ concentrations,among which the former induced the highest activity,whereas 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ concentration significantly reduced NR activity.GS activity was markedly increased by 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ application,but further increase in the concentration reversed the above effect,even 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ induced striking decrease in GS activity.Unlike NR and GS,NADH-GDH activity in leaves manifested pronounced increases with all Ca2+ concentrations in nutrient solution.High nitrogen content in leaves was found always together with Ca2+ concentration of 4 mmol·L-1.All the above results suggested that GS activity was important for nitrogen assimilation,and 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ was the most effective concentration to make wheat plants own high ability to assimilate nitrogen.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
At 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, wheat leaf nitrate reductase activity increased significantly and was highest.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+e1
- Outcome
- NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in NR activity were found in plant leaves exposed to 2 and 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ concentrations,among which the former induced the highest activity”
e1“GS activity was markedly increased by 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ application”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
At 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, wheat leaf nitrate reductase activity increased significantly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- NR activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in NR activity were found in plant leaves exposed to 2 and 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ concentrations”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
At 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, wheat leaf nitrate reductase activity decreased significantly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- NR activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ concentration significantly reduced NR activity”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, wheat glutamine synthetase activity increased markedly.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ applicatione0
- Outcome
- GS activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GS activity was markedly increased by 2 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ application”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
At 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+, wheat glutamine synthetase activity decreased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- GS activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“8 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ induced striking decrease in GS activity”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
All applied Ca2+ concentrations increased NADH-GDH activity in wheat leaves.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- all Ca2+ concentrations in nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- NADH-GDH activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NADH-GDH activity in leaves manifested pronounced increases with all Ca2+ concentrations in nutrient solution”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat leaves had high nitrogen content at 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Ca2+ concentration of 4 mmol·L-1e0
- Outcome
- High nitrogen contente0
- Direction
- Highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High nitrogen content in leaves was found always together with Ca2+ concentration of 4 mmol·L-1”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that glutamine synthetase activity was important for wheat nitrogen assimilation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- GSe0
- Outcome
- nitrogen assimilatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GS activity was important for nitrogen assimilation”
t0“wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ most effective for wheat nitrogen assimilation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- most effective concentration to make wheat plants own high ability to assimilate nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“4 mmol·L-1 Ca2+ was the most effective concentration to make wheat plants own high ability to assimilate nitrogen”
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See all 288 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.