Abstract
Acid deposition is among the primary environmental problems on a global basis. With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment subject to a range of such pollution intensities as pH = 1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5 and 5.6 (the last being for CK) in the rains,we investigated their stress on nutrition qualities of grains consisting of amino acid,protein,soluble sugar,reduced sugar,starch as well as total acidity so as to provide theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the impact of acid rain on crops in China. Results suggest that for acid rain at pH ≤ 4.5 the synthesis is suppressed of total free amino acid and the inhibition is the stronger,the higher the acidity; the contents of protein (including soluble part and total) decrease progressively as a function of increasing acidity,with greater decline at pH = 1.5; at pH ≤ 4.5,the synthesis of soluble sugar is inhibited more strongly; at pH ≤ 2.5,the synthesis of reduced sugar is prevented more significantly; with the increase in acidity in the rain the total acidity and acid-sugar ratio show a tendency of first intensification and then decline,peaking at pH = 3.5; at pH ≤ 3.5 the composition of starch is greatly prevented,affecting amylopection more pronouncedly,thereby resulting in the decrease in the ratio of amylopection to amylase.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Acid rain at pH ≤ 4.5 suppressed total free amino-acid synthesis, with stronger inhibition at higher acidity.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- acid rain at pH ≤ 4.5e0
- Outcome
- total free amino acide0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Qualifier
- the inhibition is the stronger,the higher the aciditye0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for acid rain at pH ≤ 4.5 the synthesis is suppressed of total free amino acid and the inhibition is the stronger,the higher the acidity”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soluble and total protein contents decreased progressively with acidity, with greater decline at pH 1.5.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- increasing aciditye0
- Outcome
- contents of protein (including soluble part and total)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- greater decline at pH = 1.5e0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of protein (including soluble part and total) decrease progressively as a function of increasing acidity,with greater decline at pH = 1.5”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH ≤ 4.5, soluble-sugar synthesis was inhibited more strongly.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- pH ≤ 4.5e0
- Outcome
- synthesis of soluble sugare0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at pH ≤ 4.5,the synthesis of soluble sugar is inhibited more strongly”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH ≤ 2.5, reduced-sugar synthesis was prevented more significantly.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- pH ≤ 2.5e0
- Outcome
- synthesis of reduced sugare0
- Direction
- preventede0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at pH ≤ 2.5,the synthesis of reduced sugar is prevented more significantly”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total acidity and acid-sugar ratio first intensified and then declined with increasing rain acidity, peaking at pH 3.5.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- increase in acidity in the raine0
- Outcome
- total acidity and acid-sugar ratioe0
- Direction
- first intensification and then declinee0
- Qualifier
- peaking at pH = 3.5e0
- Setting
- field experimente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with the increase in acidity in the rain the total acidity and acid-sugar ratio show a tendency of first intensification and then decline,peaking at pH = 3.5”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH ≤ 3.5, starch composition was greatly prevented, with amylopection more strongly affected.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- pH ≤ 3.5e0
- Outcome
- composition of starche0
- Direction
- preventede0
- Qualifier
- affecting amylopection more pronouncedlye0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at pH ≤ 3.5 the composition of starch is greatly prevented,affecting amylopection more pronouncedly”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
Claim · model-written summary
At pH ≤ 3.5, the amylopection-to-amylase ratio decreased.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- YM 12e1
- Treatment
- pH ≤ 3.5e0
- Outcome
- ratio of amylopection to amylasee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- CKe2
- Setting
- field experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at pH ≤ 3.5 the composition of starch is greatly prevented,affecting amylopection more pronouncedly,thereby resulting in the decrease in the ratio of amylopection to amylase.”
e1“With the winter wheat cultivar YM 12 under field experiment”
e2“5.6 (the last being for CK)”
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