Abstract
Integrated pest management (IPM) integrating chemical and biological control measures helps in reducing pest infestation, improves yield, biodiversity and sustainability in maize crop. In current study, the IPM strategy for maize was developed and validated in the four blocks of Hoshiarpur district of Punjab. Chilo partellus was recorded as the major pest of kharif maize causing considerable economic loss. The chemical control measures destroyed the population of biological control agents. Along with other components of IPM, Trichogramma chilonis, an egg parasitoid of C. partellus was released to decimate its population in the egg stage. The number of infested plants by C. partellus in IPM field did not exceed 4% whereas in farmer's field the number of infested plants reached up to 12%. Relatively higher population of natural enemies such as spiders, coccinellids, Paederus sp. and Cotesia sp. were observed in the maize ecosystem and these contributed in controlling the pest population. The study revealed that maize yield was 66.2% more in IPM field as compared to farmers’ field. Overall, in farmer participatory field trials, the study revealed that IPM helped in controlling the pest population as well improving the biodiversity by maintaining the population of biological control agents.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
IPM field had no more than 4% of plants infested by C. partellus, while farmer's field reached up to 12%.
- Treatment
- IPMe1
- Interactor
- C. partellus
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=60)
Chilo partelluse1pest - Outcome
- infested plantse1
- Direction
- did not exceede1
- Value
- 4%e1
- Qualifier
- reached up to 12%e1
- Comparator
- farmer's fielde1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“The number of infested plants by C. partellus in IPM field did not exceed 4% whereas in farmer's field the number of infested plants reached up to 12%”
t0“biological control agents in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was 66.2% higher in IPM field than in farmers' field.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The study revealed that maize yield was 66.2% more in IPM field as compared to farmers’ field”
Claim · model-written summary
IPM helped control the pest population in farmer participatory trials.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“IPM helped in controlling the pest population”
t0“biological control agents in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
IPM improved biodiversity by maintaining the population of biological control agents.
- Treatment
- IPMe3
- Interactor
- biological control agentse4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- biodiversitye4
- Direction
- improvinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“improving the biodiversity by maintaining the population of biological control agents”
e3“IPM helped in controlling the pest population”
t0“biological control agents in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical control measures destroyed the population of biological control agents.
- Treatment
- chemical control measurese5
- Interactor
- biological control agentse5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- population of biological control agentse5
- Direction
- destroyede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The chemical control measures destroyed the population of biological control agents”
t0“biological control agents in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural enemies such as spiders, coccinellids, Paederus sp. and Cotesia sp. were relatively more abundant in the maize ecosystem.
CotesiaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Relatively higher population of natural enemies such as spiders, coccinellids, Paederus sp. and Cotesia sp. were observed in the maize ecosystem”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural enemies are interpreted as having contributed to controlling the pest population in maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“these contributed in controlling the pest population”
t0“biological control agents in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilo partellus was recorded as the major pest of kharif maize causing considerable economic loss.
- Interactor
- Chilo partellusChilo partelluse0pest
- Outcome
- economic losse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilo partellus was recorded as the major pest of kharif maize causing considerable economic loss”
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