Abstract
Interseeded alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) could serve as a dual‐purpose crop to provide groundcover for silage corn ( Zea mays L.) and forage during subsequent years of production, but interspecific competition often leads to poor stands of alfalfa and unsatisfactory yields of corn. Four experiments evaluated whether interspecific competition could be alleviated by application of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on alfalfa interseeded at corn planting. In three experiments, foliar application of prohexadione‐calcium (PHD) on seedlings approximately doubled stand density of interseeded alfalfa during establishment in corn and following 1 yr of alfalfa forage production. Untimely PHD application in one experiment, however, failed to prevent stand failure of alfalfa growing under warm and damp conditions that favored vigorous growth of corn. When successfully established without PHD, average dry matter yield (DMY) of interseeded alfalfa the year following corn was 85% greater than conventionally spring‐seeded alfalfa; prior year PHD application further increased DMY of interseeded alfalfa by 15%. When tested with PHD in two experiments, seed soaking or coating with uniconazole (UCZ) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density and had neutral or adverse impacts on DMY of alfalfa following corn. Interseeding reduced silage corn DMY by an average of 10% compared to monoculture corn and PGR treatment of alfalfa usually failed to alleviate yield depression in corn. Overall, PHD shows promise for enhancing the establishment and subsequent yield of interseeded alfalfa, but further work is needed to refine this production system for farm use. Core Ideas Interseeded alfalfa can serve as a cover and forage crop Interseeding alfalfa in corn can double first year yields of alfalfa Prohexadione doubles seedling survival of interseeded alfalfa Prohexadione increases first year yield of interseeded alfalfa Prohexadione does not alleviate corn yield depression due to interseeding
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
PHD approximately doubled interseeded alfalfa stand density during corn establishment and after one year of forage production.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- foliar application of prohexadione‐calcium (PHD)e0
- Outcome
- stand density of interseeded alfalfae0
- Direction
- doublede0
- Value
- approximately doublede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In three experiments, foliar application of prohexadione‐calcium (PHD) on seedlings approximately doubled stand density of interseeded alfalfa during establishment in corn and following 1 yr of alfalfa forage production.”
Claim · model-written summary
Untimely PHD failed to prevent alfalfa stand failure in warm, damp conditions favoring corn growth.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- Untimely PHD applicatione0
- Interactor
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0weed - Outcome
- stand failure of alfalfae0
- Direction
- failed to prevente0
- Qualifier
- warm and damp conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Untimely PHD application in one experiment, however, failed to prevent stand failure of alfalfa growing under warm and damp conditions that favored vigorous growth of corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Without PHD, interseeded alfalfa dry matter yield the year after corn was 85% greater than conventional spring seeding.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- dry matter yield (DMY) of interseeded alfalfae0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 85%e0
- Comparator
- conventionally spring‐seeded alfalfae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When successfully established without PHD, average dry matter yield (DMY) of interseeded alfalfa the year following corn was 85% greater than conventionally spring‐seeded alfalfa; prior year PHD application further increased DMY of interseeded alfalfa by 15%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Prior year PHD increased interseeded alfalfa dry matter yield by 15%.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- prior year PHD applicatione0
- Outcome
- DMY of interseeded alfalfae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When successfully established without PHD, average dry matter yield (DMY) of interseeded alfalfa the year following corn was 85% greater than conventionally spring‐seeded alfalfa; prior year PHD application further increased DMY of interseeded alfalfa by 15%.”
Claim · model-written summary
uniconazole (UCZ) reduced stand density of alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- uniconazole (UCZ)e0
- Outcome
- stand densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When tested with PHD in two experiments, seed soaking or coating with uniconazole (UCZ) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density and had neutral or adverse impacts on DMY of alfalfa following corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
uniconazole (UCZ) neutral or adverse DMY of alfalfa of alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- uniconazole (UCZ)e0
- Outcome
- DMY of alfalfae0
- Direction
- neutral or adversee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When tested with PHD in two experiments, seed soaking or coating with uniconazole (UCZ) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density and had neutral or adverse impacts on DMY of alfalfa following corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density of alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- paclobutrazol (PBZ)e0
- Outcome
- stand densitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When tested with PHD in two experiments, seed soaking or coating with uniconazole (UCZ) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density and had neutral or adverse impacts on DMY of alfalfa following corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
paclobutrazol (PBZ) neutral or adverse DMY of alfalfa of alfalfa.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- paclobutrazol (PBZ)e0
- Outcome
- DMY of alfalfae0
- Direction
- neutral or adversee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When tested with PHD in two experiments, seed soaking or coating with uniconazole (UCZ) or paclobutrazol (PBZ) reduced stand density and had neutral or adverse impacts on DMY of alfalfa following corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Interseeding reduced silage corn dry matter yield by 10% against monoculture.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Interseedinge0
- Interactor
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0weed
- Outcome
- silage corn DMYe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- monoculture corne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding reduced silage corn DMY by an average of 10% compared to monoculture corn and PGR treatment of alfalfa usually failed to alleviate yield depression in corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alfalfa PGR treatment usually failed to alleviate corn yield depression from interseeding.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- PGR treatment of alfalfae0
- Interactor
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0weed
- Outcome
- yield depression in corne0
- Direction
- failed to alleviatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding reduced silage corn DMY by an average of 10% compared to monoculture corn and PGR treatment of alfalfa usually failed to alleviate yield depression in corn.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider PHD promising for establishment and yield of interseeded alfalfa, pending system refinement.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- PHD shows promise for enhancing the establishment and subsequent yield of interseeded alfalfae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, PHD shows promise for enhancing the establishment and subsequent yield of interseeded alfalfa, but further work is needed to refine this production system for farm use.”
The same questions in other papers
prohexadione-calcium · yield · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
Medicago sativa · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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paclobutrazol · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
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application · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.