Abstract
Abstract Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield, farm profitability, and soil conservation, but unreliable alfalfa establishment hampers on‐farm adoption. This study evaluated seedling survival and growth of 36 alfalfa varieties differing in reported plant traits when interseeded at two Wisconsin sites in 2015 and at single sites in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania in 2016. Subplots of alfalfa varieties were sprayed with prohexadione‐calcium (PHD) at 0 or 0.42 kg acid equivalent (a.e.) ha –1 to assess changes in seedling survival mediated by this growth retardant. After corn harvest in 2015, average stand density of varieties in Wisconsin ranged from 15 to 94 plants m –2 without PHD and from 52 to 199 plants m –2 with PHD. Stand density largely determined subsequent first‐cut alfalfa dry matter yield, which ranged from 1.1 to 6.3 Mg ha –1 . After corn harvest in 2016, stand density of varieties averaged across PHD treatments ranged from 113 to 248 plants m –2 in Michigan and Pennsylvania, compared with only 0.5 to 26 plants m –2 in Wisconsin; PHD treatment improved stand density only in Wisconsin but could not ensure adequate establishment under wet conditions that favored vigorous corn growth and foliar disease on alfalfa. Overall, establishment was poorly related to measured or reported alfalfa traits, but ‘55H94’ and hybrids were consistently among the best performing cultivars. Further work is needed to understand seedling survival mechanisms and to develop improved germplasm and production practices to ensure reliable establishment of interseeded alfalfa.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Average stand density of alfalfa varieties in Wisconsin ranged from 15 to 94 plants m –2 without PHD.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae0 - Outcome
- stand densitye1
- Value
- 15 to 94 plants m –2e1
- Qualifier
- without PHDe1
- Setting
- Wisconsine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“average stand density of varieties in Wisconsin ranged from 15 to 94 plants m –2 without PHD”
Claim · model-written summary
Average stand density of alfalfa varieties in Wisconsin ranged from 52 to 199 plants m –2 with PHD.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- stand densitye1
- Value
- 52 to 199 plants m –2e1
- Qualifier
- with PHDe1
- Setting
- Wisconsine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“average stand density of varieties in Wisconsin ranged from 15 to 94 plants m –2 without PHD and from 52 to 199 plants m –2 with PHD”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2016, stand density in Michigan and Pennsylvania ranged from 113 to 248 plants m –2, compared with Wisconsin.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- stand densitye1
- Value
- 113 to 248 plants m –2e1
- Qualifier
- averaged across PHD treatmentse1
- Comparator
- Wisconsine1
- Setting
- Michigan and Pennsylvaniae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“stand density of varieties averaged across PHD treatments ranged from 113 to 248 plants m –2 in Michigan and Pennsylvania, compared with only 0.5 to 26 plants m –2 in Wisconsin”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2016, stand density in Wisconsin was only 0.5 to 26 plants m –2.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- stand densitye1
- Value
- 0.5 to 26 plants m –2e1
- Qualifier
- averaged across PHD treatmentse1
- Setting
- Wisconsine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“stand density of varieties averaged across PHD treatments ranged from 113 to 248 plants m –2 in Michigan and Pennsylvania, compared with only 0.5 to 26 plants m –2 in Wisconsin”
Claim · model-written summary
Stand density largely determined first-cut alfalfa dry matter yield, which ranged from 1.1 to 6.3 Mg ha –1.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- dry matter yielde2
- Value
- 1.1 to 6.3 Mg ha –1e2
- Qualifier
- Stand density largely determinede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“Stand density largely determined subsequent”
e2“dry matter yield, which ranged from 1.1 to 6.3 Mg ha –1”
Claim · model-written summary
PHD treatment improved stand density in Wisconsin compared with no PHD.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- PHD treatmente1
- Outcome
- stand densitye1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- without PHDe2
- Setting
- Wisconsine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“PHD treatment improved stand density only in Wisconsin”
e2“ranged from 15 to 94 plants m –2 without PHD”
Claim · model-written summary
PHD could not ensure adequate alfalfa establishment under wet conditions.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Outcome
- adequate establishmente1
- Qualifier
- under wet conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“but could not ensure adequate establishment under wet conditions that favored vigorous corn growth and foliar disease on alfalfa”
Claim · model-written summary
Establishment of alfalfa was poorly related to measured or reported alfalfa traits.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Outcome
- establishmente1
- Qualifier
- poorly related to measured or reported alfalfa traitse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“establishment was poorly related to measured or reported alfalfa traits”
Claim · model-written summary
The alfalfa variety 55H94 and hybrids were consistently among the best performing cultivars.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Material
- 55H94e1
- Outcome
- among the best performing cultivarse1
- Qualifier
- consistentlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interseeding alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) into silage corn ( Zea mays L.) can improve forage yield”
e1“‘55H94’ and hybrids were consistently among the best performing cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
prohexadione-calcium · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.