Abstract
A fixed plot field experiment was carried out during kharif and spring seasons of 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 at New Delhi, to study the effect of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) stover and nitrogen + phosphorus management on pigeonpea {Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp}sunflower cropping system. Effect of treatments on the on yield at- tributes, productivity, economics and nutrient uptake pattern of pigeonpea has been given in this paper. Kharif season experiment was laid out in split-plot design, assigning sunflower stover incorporation (8 tonnes/ha) and no stover incorporation (control) to main plots and combinations of P levels and bio-fertilizers (Control, 15 kg P/ha, 15kg P/ha+PSB and 30kg P/ha) to sub-plots. Spring season experiments was laid out in split-split plot design, in which NP doses to sunflower crop (Control, 50% recommended dose (RD) of NP and RD of NP (80 kg N+15 kg P/ ha) were applied in sub-sub plots. Kharif season experiment in second year was laid out in split-split plot design to investigate the residual effect of NP doses applied to spring season sunflower on pigeonpea crop. Sunflower sto- ver incorporation reduced the yield attributes (number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight), grain yield, nutrient uptake and gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of pigeonpea. Ad- verse effect of sunflower stover incorporation was more pronounced during second year. Reduction in pigeonpea grain yield was 4.9% and 25.8% in the first and second year respectively. Effect of P levels on pigeonpea was sig- nificant and the highest number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight and grain yield (1.63 and 1.32 t/ha), nutrient uptake, gross and net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the appli- cation of 30 kg P/ha, followed by 15 kg P/ha+PSB. Marked effect of PSB integration with 15 kg P over 15 kg P alone was significant only during first year. Residual effect of RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crop also improved the yield attributes, yields, nutrient uptake and gross and net returns and B:C ratio of succeeding pigeonpea crop under pigeonpea-sunflower cropping system. Significant interaction between P applied to pigeonpea during second year and residual effect of P applied to sunflower during first year was recorded, indicat- ing saving of 15 kg P in pigeonpea due to residual effect.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower stover incorporation reduced pigeonpea yield attributes.
- Taxon
- pigeonpea
Cajanus cajane0 - Treatment
- Sunflower sto- ver incorporatione0
- Outcome
- yield attributes (number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- no stover incorporation (control)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower sto- ver incorporation reduced the yield attributes (number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight), grain yield, nutrient uptake and gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of pigeonpea”
e1“no stover incorporation (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower stover incorporation reduced pigeonpea grain yield by 4.9% in year one and 25.8% in year two.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- Sunflower sto- ver incorporatione1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Value
- 4.9% and 25.8%e0
- Qualifier
- first and second year respectivelye0
- Comparator
- no stover incorporation (control)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in pigeonpea grain yield was 4.9% and 25.8% in the first and second year respectively”
e1“Sunflower sto- ver incorporation”
e2“no stover incorporation (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower stover incorporation reduced pigeonpea nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- Sunflower sto- ver incorporatione0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- no stover incorporation (control)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower sto- ver incorporation reduced the yield attributes (number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight), grain yield, nutrient uptake and gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of pigeonpea”
e1“no stover incorporation (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower stover incorporation reduced gross and net returns and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- Sunflower sto- ver incorporatione0
- Outcome
- gross returns, net returns and B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- no stover incorporation (control)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunflower sto- ver incorporation reduced the yield attributes (number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight), grain yield, nutrient uptake and gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio of pigeonpea”
e1“no stover incorporation (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
The adverse stover effect was stronger in the second year.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- effect of sunflower stover incorporatione0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ad- verse effect of sunflower stover incorporation was more pronounced during second year”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
30 kg P/ha produced the highest pigeonpea yield attributes and grain yield.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- 30 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plante0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 15 kg P/ha+PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight and grain yield (1.63 and 1.32 t/ha), nutrient uptake, gross and net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the appli- cation of 30 kg P/ha, followed by 15 kg P/ha+PSB”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
30 kg P/ha gave the highest pigeonpea grain yield, 1.63 and 1.32 t/ha.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- 30 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.63 and 1.32 t/hae0
- Comparator
- 15 kg P/ha+PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight and grain yield (1.63 and 1.32 t/ha), nutrient uptake, gross and net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the appli- cation of 30 kg P/ha, followed by 15 kg P/ha+PSB”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
30 kg P/ha produced the highest nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- 30 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 15 kg P/ha+PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight and grain yield (1.63 and 1.32 t/ha), nutrient uptake, gross and net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the appli- cation of 30 kg P/ha, followed by 15 kg P/ha+PSB”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
30 kg P/ha gave the highest gross and net returns and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- 30 kg P/hae0
- Outcome
- gross and net returns and B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 15 kg P/ha+PSBe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest number of pods/plant, number of grains/pod, grain yield/plant, 1,000-grains weight and grain yield (1.63 and 1.32 t/ha), nutrient uptake, gross and net returns and B:C ratio were recorded with the appli- cation of 30 kg P/ha, followed by 15 kg P/ha+PSB”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
PSB with 15 kg P significantly improved outcomes over 15 kg P alone only in the first year.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajant0
- Treatment
- PSB integration with 15 kg Pe0
- Outcome
- Marked effecte0
- Direction
- Markede0
- Qualifier
- only during first yeare0
- Comparator
- 15 kg P alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Marked effect of PSB integration with 15 kg P over 15 kg P alone was significant only during first year”
t0“pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan)”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual recommended NP to preceding sunflower improved succeeding pigeonpea yield attributes and yields.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crope0
- Outcome
- yield attributes, yieldse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual effect of RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crop also improved the yield attributes, yields, nutrient uptake and gross and net returns and B:C ratio of succeeding pigeonpea crop”
e1“Control, 50% recommended dose (RD) of NP and RD of NP”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual NP improved succeeding pigeonpea nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crope0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual effect of RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crop also improved the yield attributes, yields, nutrient uptake and gross and net returns and B:C ratio of succeeding pigeonpea crop”
e1“Control, 50% recommended dose (RD) of NP and RD of NP”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual NP improved succeeding pigeonpea economic returns and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crope0
- Outcome
- gross and net returns and B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- Controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual effect of RD of NP applied to preceding sunflower crop also improved the yield attributes, yields, nutrient uptake and gross and net returns and B:C ratio of succeeding pigeonpea crop”
e1“Control, 50% recommended dose (RD) of NP and RD of NP”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant phosphorus interaction indicated a 15 kg P saving in pigeonpea.
- Taxon
- pigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- P applied to pigeonpea during second yeare0
- Outcome
- saving of 15 kg P in pigeonpeae0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- 15 kg Pe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant interaction between P applied to pigeonpea during second year and residual effect of P applied to sunflower during first year was recorded, indicat- ing saving of 15 kg P in pigeonpea due to residual effect”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.