Abstract
:A pot experiment was performed to see the interactive potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) alone or in combination with Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions. Various morphological and biochemical parameters were measured after 120 days. Overall results suggest that although, all co-inoculation treatments showed beneficial effects but inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content, whereas stomatal conductance was found maximum in G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride. The overall results demonstrate that the co-inoculation of bioinoculants like P. fluorescens and T. viride with AM fungi promotes higher AM colonization and spore number enhancing nutrient acquisition especially phosphorus (P), producing plant growth hormones resulting in improvement of rhizospheric condition of soil, altering the physiological and biochemical properties of sunflower plant.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with G. mosseae, A. laevis, T. viride and P. fluorescens gave the maximum increment in plant height, shoot biomass and root biomass of sunflower under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.
Helianthus annuuse1 - Treatment
- inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Interactor
- G. mosseae
Funneliformis mosseaee2symbiont - Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise2symbiont
- Outcome
- plant height, shoot biomass, root biomasse2
- Direction
- maximum incremente2
- Qualifier
- T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e2“inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
The same co-inoculation gave the maximum increment in root length, leaf area and flower head diameter of sunflower under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise2symbiont
- Outcome
- root length, leaf area, flower head diametere2
- Direction
- maximum incremente2
- Qualifier
- T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e2“inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
The same co-inoculation gave the maximum increment in chlorophyll content and root and shoot phosphorus of sunflower under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise2symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphoruse2
- Direction
- maximum incremente2
- Qualifier
- T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e2“inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
The same co-inoculation gave the maximum increment in acidic and alkaline phosphatase of sunflower under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise2symbiont
- Outcome
- acidic and alkaline phosphatasee2
- Direction
- maximum incremente2
- Qualifier
- T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e2“inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
The same co-inoculation gave the maximum increment in AM spore number, protein percent and oil content of sunflower under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee2symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise2symbiont
- Outcome
- AM spore number, protein percent and oil contente2
- Direction
- maximum incremente2
- Qualifier
- T. viride + P. fluorescense2
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e2“inoculation with a combination of G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride + P. fluorescens showed maximum increment in all the growth parameters studied i.e. plant height, shoot biomass, root biomass, root length, leaf area, flower head diameter, chlorophyll content, root and shoot phosphorus, acidic and alkaline phosphatase, AM spore number, protein percent and oil content”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance of sunflower was maximum with the G. mosseae, A. laevis and T. viride combination under glass house conditions.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viridee3
- Interactor
- G. mosseaeFunneliformis mosseaee3symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. laevisAcaulospora laevise3symbiont
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e3“whereas stomatal conductance was found maximum in G. mosseae+A. laevis+T. viride”
Claim · model-written summary
All co-inoculation treatments showed beneficial effects on sunflower compared with the non-co-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- co-inoculation treatmentse4
- Outcome
- beneficial effectse4
- Setting
- glass house conditionse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e4“all co-inoculation treatments showed beneficial effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation of P. fluorescens and T. viride with AM fungi promoted higher AM colonization and spore number in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of bioinoculants like P. fluorescens and T. viride with AM fungie5
- Interactor
- AM fungiGlomeromycotae5symbiont
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense5other - Outcome
- AM colonization and spore numbere5
- Direction
- highere5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e5“The overall results demonstrate that the co-inoculation of bioinoculants like P. fluorescens and T. viride with AM fungi promotes higher AM colonization and spore number”
Claim · model-written summary
The co-inoculation is interpreted to enhance nutrient acquisition, especially phosphorus, in sunflower.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Compound
- phosphoruse6
- Outcome
- nutrient acquisitione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e6“enhancing nutrient acquisition especially phosphorus (P)”
Claim · model-written summary
The co-inoculation is interpreted to produce plant growth hormones that improve the rhizospheric condition of the soil.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuus L.Helianthus annuuse1
- Compound
- plant growth hormonese7
- Outcome
- rhizospheric condition of soile7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on Helianthus annuus L. under glass house conditions”
e7“producing plant growth hormones resulting in improvement of rhizospheric condition of soil”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma viride · physiology: pigments · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma viride · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Funneliformis mosseae · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Funneliformis mosseae · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Trichoderma viride · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Pseudomonas fluorescens · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Pseudomonas fluorescens · yield · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Trichoderma viride · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.