Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the arbuscular mycorrhiza contribution to the growth performance and heavy metals (Cd and Pb) uptake ofHelianthus annuus L. from polluted soils. Cadmium sulfate (CdSO4.8H2O) and lead acetate ((CH3COO)2Pb.3H2O) were applied at the concentrations: Cd- 0,20,40,60,80 mg kg-1 and Pb-0,250,500,750,1000 mg kg-1 in 90 plastic pots filled with 5 kg of topsoil each. Propagules of Glomus mosseae (GM) and Glomus intraradices (GI) at 25 g per pot were applied. Non-inoculated pots served as controls. Each treatment was replicated thrice in completely randomized design. Data were analysed using ANOVA and descriptive statistics. Results showed that arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the number of leaves, plant height and stem girth of sunflower plants only at 80 mg Cd kg-1concentration. Highest values of 0.11 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.29 mg Pb kg-1 were obtained with GI in the dry shoot of Helianthus annuus while 0.05 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.23 mg Pb kg-1 were remediated with GM application. Least values of Cd and Pb were removed when no AM was applied. GM and GI fungi enhanced the growth ofHelianthus annuus and the uptake of Cd and Pb; but GI performed better. Also, a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of AM fungi colonization percentage was obtained with increase in Cd and Pb concentrations. Key words: Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Helianthus annuus,phytoremediation, polluted soil.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
AM fungi significantly influenced sunflower leaf number, height and stem girth only at 80 mg Cd kg-1.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungie0
- Outcome
- number of leaves, plant height and stem girthe0
- Qualifier
- only at 80 mg Cd kg-1concentratione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the number of leaves, plant height and stem girth of sunflower plants only at 80 mg Cd kg-1concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
GI gave the highest Cd uptake in dry sunflower shoots, 0.11 mg Cd kg-1.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
- Organ / stage
- dry shoote0
- Treatment
- GIe0
- Outcome
- Cde0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 0.11 mg Cd kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest values of 0.11 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.29 mg Pb kg-1 were obtained with GI in the dry shoot of Helianthus annuus”
Claim · model-written summary
GI gave the highest Pb uptake in dry sunflower shoots, 0.29 mg Pb kg-1.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- GIe0
- Outcome
- Pbe0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 0.29 mg Pb kg-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest values of 0.11 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.29 mg Pb kg-1 were obtained with GI in the dry shoot of Helianthus annuus”
Claim · model-written summary
GM application removed 0.05 mg Cd kg-1.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“0.05 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.23 mg Pb kg-1 were remediated with GM application”
Claim · model-written summary
GM application removed 0.23 mg Pb kg-1.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“0.05 mg Cd kg-1 and 0.23 mg Pb kg-1 were remediated with GM application”
Claim · model-written summary
GM and GI enhanced sunflower growth, with GI performing better.
- Taxon
- Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- GM and GI fungie0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GM and GI fungi enhanced the growth ofHelianthus annuus and the uptake of Cd and Pb; but GI performed better”
Claim · model-written summary
AM fungal colonization declined significantly as Cd and Pb concentrations rose.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of AM fungi colonization percentage was obtained with increase in Cd and Pb concentrations”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizophagus intraradices · nutrient: content · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Funneliformis mosseae · nutrient: content · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Funneliformis mosseae · growth · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.