Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride as well as Pseudomonas fluorescens , P. putida and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated as bioagents against Macrophomina phaseolina, the causative pathogen of sunflower charcoal rot. No in vitro adverse interaction could be recognized among the tested Trichoderma isolates and both P. fluorescens and B. subtilis. The highest antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina was recorded by B. subtilis as decrements in mycelial growth and sclerotial numbers. Similar effect was recorded for T. viride and P. fluorescens. In greenhouse and field experiments, T. viride and P. fluorescens and B. subtilis, along with the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence.In this respect, T. viride mixed with either B. subtilis or P. fluorescens revealed greater effect in disease control compared to the single application of any of them, especially with mixed B. subtilis treatment. The effect of the later showed disease control approximately similar to that of Rizolex-T treatment, as shown by healthy survivals and seed yield over two years study.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma isolates showed no adverse in vitro interaction with P. fluorescens or B. subtilis.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent - Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- No in vitro adverse interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“No in vitro adverse interaction could be recognized among the tested Trichoderma isolates and both P. fluorescens and B. subtilis”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis had the highest antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina, reducing mycelial growth and sclerotial numbers.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolina
Macrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen - Second interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mycelial growth and sclerotial numberse0
- Direction
- decrementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“The highest antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina was recorded by B. subtilis as decrements in mycelial growth and sclerotial numbers”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride had a similar antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- T. viridee0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. viride
Trichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- antagonistic effect against M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- Similare0
- Comparator
- B. subtilise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“The highest antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina was recorded by B. subtilis as decrements in mycelial growth and sclerotial numbers. Similar effect was recorded for T. viride and P. fluorescens”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens had a similar antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- P. fluorescense0
- Interactor
- M. phaseolinaMacrophomina phaseolinae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- antagonistic effect against M. phaseolinae0
- Direction
- Similare0
- Comparator
- B. subtilise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“The highest antagonistic effect against M. phaseolina was recorded by B. subtilis as decrements in mycelial growth and sclerotial numbers. Similar effect was recorded for T. viride and P. fluorescens”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride reduced sunflower disease incidence in greenhouse and field experiments.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- T. viridee0
- Interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- greenhouse and fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“In greenhouse and field experiments, T. viride and P. fluorescens and B. subtilis, along with the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
P. fluorescens reduced sunflower disease incidence in greenhouse and field experiments.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- P. fluorescense0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- greenhouse and fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“In greenhouse and field experiments, T. viride and P. fluorescens and B. subtilis, along with the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis reduced sunflower disease incidence in greenhouse and field experiments.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- greenhouse and fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“In greenhouse and field experiments, T. viride and P. fluorescens and B. subtilis, along with the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizo-N reduced sunflower disease incidence.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Rhizo-Ne0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
Rizolex-T reduced sunflower disease incidence.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Rizolex-Te0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“the biocide (Rhizo-N) and fungicide (Rizolex-T) decreased the disease incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride mixed with B. subtilis controlled sunflower disease better than single applications.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- T. viride mixed with either B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- single application of any of theme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“T. viride mixed with either B. subtilis or P. fluorescens revealed greater effect in disease control compared to the single application of any of them, especially with mixed B. subtilis treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride mixed with P. fluorescens controlled sunflower disease better than single applications.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- P. fluorescense0
- Interactor
- T. virideTrichoderma viridee0biocontrol_agent
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- single application of any of theme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“T. viride mixed with either B. subtilis or P. fluorescens revealed greater effect in disease control compared to the single application of any of them”
Claim · model-written summary
T. viride with B. subtilis gave disease control approximately similar to Rizolex-T, based on healthy survival and seed yield.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- mixed B. subtilis treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- approximately similare0
- Qualifier
- healthy survivals and seed yield over two years studye0
- Comparator
- Rizolex-T treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Sunflower”
e0“especially with mixed B. subtilis treatment. The effect of the later showed disease control approximately similar to that of Rizolex-T treatment, as shown by healthy survivals and seed yield over two years study”
The same questions in other papers
Bacillus subtilis · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma viride · Macrophomina phaseolina · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · Macrophomina phaseolina · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Pseudomonas fluorescens · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Trichoderma viride · disease · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.