Abstract
Selection of rice cultivars with greater allelopathic potential can be used as a tool in sustainable weed management. Two laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to identify the potential allelopathic effects of leaf, stem and root extracts of ten Iranian rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Mosa Tarom, Hasani, Champa, Anbarbo, Fajr, Neda, Khazar, Mehr, Salari and Kamfiruzi) on barnyardgrass (Echinochlea crus-galli) growth. Results showed that allelopathic potential of leaf extract was more effective than root and stem extracts of rice cultivars. Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment. There were significant direct effect, path coefficient, between weed radical length, radical fresh weight (p=0.29, p</=0.05) and shoot fresh weight (p=0.45, p</=0.01). In general, the leaf and root extracts of Kamfiruzi and Salari which were native cultivars showed a prominent allelopathic effect on the growth of barnyardgrass. Our results suggest that there is a possibility of developing a new ecological weed management strategy using rice cultivars with higher allelopathic potential. This means breeding of rice cultivars for higher allelopathic potential might provide natural herbicides for growers.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Rice leaf extract was more effective against barnyardgrass than root and stem extracts.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- leaf extracte0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrass
Echinochloa crus-gallit0weed - Outcome
- allelopathic potentiale0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- root and stem extractse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“allelopathic potential of leaf extract was more effective than root and stem extracts of rice cultivars.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass seed germination by 46%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 46e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass radical length by 93%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- radical lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 93e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass shoot length by 65%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 65e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass fresh weight by 68%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass weed biomass by 67%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 67e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Kamfiruzi rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass height by 57%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Kamfiruzie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 57e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass seed germination by 45%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass radical length by 92%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- radical lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 92%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass shoot length by 57%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 57%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass fresh weight by 68%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass weed biomass by 62%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- weed biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 62%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Salari rice allelopathy significantly decreased barnyardgrass height by 56%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Salarie0
- Treatment
- allelopathic effectse0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weedt0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the rice cultivars, Kamfiruzi and Salari allelopathic effects caused a significant decrease (p≤0.01) in seed germination (46 and 45%), radical length (93 and 92%), shoot length (65 and 57%) and fresh weight (68 and 68%) of barnyardgrass in laboratory assay as well as weed biomass (67 and 62%) and height (57 and 56%) in greenhouse experiment.”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed radical length and radical fresh weight had a significant direct path effect.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- radicale0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- weed radical lengthe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant direct effect, path coefficient, between weed radical length, radical fresh weight (p=0.29, p</=0.05)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed shoot fresh weight had a significant direct path effect.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- shoot fresh weighte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot fresh weight (p=0.45, p</=0.01)”
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) growth”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose breeding rice with higher allelopathic potential as a natural weed management strategy.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallit0weed
- Outcome
- breeding of rice cultivars for higher allelopathic potentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“breeding of rice cultivars for higher allelopathic potential might provide natural herbicides for growers.”
t0“barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)”
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.