Abstract
ABSTRACT Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain yield has annually increased nearly 23 kg ha −1 , but the interaction of genetic advancement and improved agronomic practices has not been well quantified, including N utilization and fertilization. A field study with soybean cultivars released from 1923 to 2008 in maturity group (MG) II and MG III was conducted in multiple environments with a nonlimiting supply of fertilizer N to examine the main effects and interactions of N supply and release year on grain yield and seed quality. We hypothesized that grain yield and seed quality would be improved with the nonlimiting supply of N, especially for the modern cultivars. Supplemental N totaled 560 kg N ha −1 with 40% applied at planting and 60% applied at V5. Grain yield increased with release year in MG II (17.2 kg ha −1 yr −1 ). Application of N to MG II cultivars increased seed protein by 10 to 19.5 g kg −1 across all release years, but grain yield and seed oil was not affected. Grain yield gains of MG III cultivars fertilized with N was 27.4 kg ha −1 yr −1 , which was 20% better than unfertilized (22.8 kg ha −1 yr −1 ). Application of N to MG III cultivars increased seed mass (11%) across release years with no changes in seed protein and oil. The nonlimiting supply of N increased seed protein across all release years in MG II cultivars, and the N supply from the soil and biological N fixation was insufficient to maximize grain yield in modern, MG III cultivars in the tested environments.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
MG II grain yield increased with cultivar release year at 17.2 kg ha −1 yr −1.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- MG IIe0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 17.2 kg ha −1 yr −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield increased with release year in MG II (17.2 kg ha −1 yr −1 ).”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen increased MG II seed protein by 10 to 19.5 g kg −1 across release years.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG II cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne0
- Outcome
- seed proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10 to 19.5 g kg −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N to MG II cultivars increased seed protein by 10 to 19.5 g kg −1 across all release years”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen did not affect MG II grain yield.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG II cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N to MG II cultivars increased seed protein by 10 to 19.5 g kg −1 across all release years, but grain yield and seed oil was not affected.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied nitrogen did not affect MG II seed oil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG II cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne0
- Outcome
- seed oile0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N to MG II cultivars increased seed protein by 10 to 19.5 g kg −1 across all release years, but grain yield and seed oil was not affected.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen-fertilized MG III cultivars gained grain yield at 27.4 kg ha −1 yr −1, 20% better than unfertilized cultivars.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG III cultivarse0
- Treatment
- fertilized with Ne0
- Outcome
- Grain yield gainse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Value
- 27.4 kg ha −1 yr −1e0
- Qualifier
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- unfertilizede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield gains of MG III cultivars fertilized with N was 27.4 kg ha −1 yr −1 , which was 20% better than unfertilized (22.8 kg ha −1 yr −1 ).”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application increased MG III seed mass by 11% across release years.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG III cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne0
- Outcome
- seed masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 11%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N to MG III cultivars increased seed mass (11%) across release years with no changes in seed protein and oil.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen application did not change MG III seed protein and oil.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG III cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Application of Ne0
- Outcome
- seed protein and oile0
- Direction
- no changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of N to MG III cultivars increased seed mass (11%) across release years with no changes in seed protein and oil.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nitrogen supply and biological fixation were insufficient to maximize yield in modern MG III cultivars in tested environments.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- MG III cultivarse0
- Outcome
- insufficient to maximize grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- tested environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the N supply from the soil and biological N fixation was insufficient to maximize grain yield in modern, MG III cultivars in the tested environments.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- no effect
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See all 416 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.