Abstract
A greenhouse study was conducted during July to October 2009 to find out the effect of conjoint application of sewage sludge and fertilizers on yield and heavy metals accumulation in rice. Five doses of sewage sludge as 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t ha−1 were applied along with five levels of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF as 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Results of this study showed a significant increase in test weight and grain and straw yield. However, the values for harvest index were non-significant for different doses of sewage sludge. About 33 and 46% increase in grain yield was observed over control in the treatments where 100% RDF without sludge and 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge without RDF was applied, respectively. Highest grain yield was recorded in the treatment where 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge was applied along with 100% RDF. Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain. It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Conjoint sludge and fertilizer application significantly increased test weight, grain yield and straw yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- conjoint application of sewage sludge and fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- test weight and grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results of this study showed a significant increase in test weight and grain and straw yield.”
e1“A greenhouse study was conducted during July to October 2009 to find out the effect of conjoint application of sewage sludge and fertilizers on yield and heavy metals accumulation in rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest index did not differ significantly among sewage sludge doses.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- different doses of sewage sludgee0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- non-significante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the values for harvest index were non-significant for different doses of sewage sludge.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
100% RDF without sludge increased grain yield about 33% over control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF without sludgee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 33e0
- Qualifier
- About 33 and 46%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“About 33 and 46% increase in grain yield was observed over control in the treatments where 100% RDF without sludge and 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge without RDF was applied, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
40 t ha−1 sludge without RDF increased grain yield about 46% over control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge without RDFe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 46%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“About 33 and 46% increase in grain yield was observed over control in the treatments where 100% RDF without sludge and 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge without RDF was applied, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
40 t ha−1 sludge with 100% RDF produced the highest grain yield.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge was applied along with 100% RDFe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- Higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest grain yield was recorded in the treatment where 40 t ha−1 sewage sludge was applied along with 100% RDF.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased grain Cd content about sevenfold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice graine1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Cde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 7e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 5, 5 and 10 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased grain Cr content about fivefold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice graine1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Cre1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 5e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 5, 5 and 10 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased grain Ni content about fivefold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice graine1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Nie1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 5e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 5, 5 and 10 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased grain Pb content about tenfold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice graine1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Pb contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 10 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased straw Cd content about sevenfold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice strawe1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Cde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 7e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 3, 7 and 2 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased straw Cr content about threefold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice strawe1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Cre1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 3e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 3, 7 and 2 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased straw Ni content about sevenfold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice strawe1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Nie1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 7e1
- Qualifier
- about 7, 3, 7 and 2 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge with fertilizers increased straw Pb content about twofold over control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice strawe1
- Treatment
- Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Pb contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 2 timese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of sewage sludge along with fertilizers also increased Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb content in rice straw and grain.”
e1“It was about 7, 5, 5 and 10 times increase in Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb content, respectively in rice grain and about 7, 3, 7 and 2 times increase in rice straw over their control.”
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