Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.), India, during kharif 2013 to find out the effect of biochar and sewage sludge (SS) on growth, yield, and micronutrient uptake in rice crop. Nine treatments were employed using six different doses of biochar (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 10, 15, and 20 t ha−1) amended with a fixed dose of SS (30 t ha−1) and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (50% RDN), i.e., 60 kg ha−1. Other three treatments were absolute control (no fertilizers), 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (100% RDF) which was 120:60:60 kg ha−1 as nitrogen (N): phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5):dipotassium oxide (K2O), and 30 t ha−1SS + 50% RDN. Experimental results showed a significant increase in yield of rice crop with increasing levels of biochar along with SS. Application of biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SS increased grain yield to the extent of 2.5 times over absolute control (no fertilizers) and 8.5% over control (100% RDF). The uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) (micronutrients) increased significantly with graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1 in the soil. The maximum micronutrient uptake and grain yield of rice were found in T9 where 30 t ha−1SS along with 20 t ha−1 biochar was applied with only 50% RDN. The maximum availability of micronutrients in soil was found with 30 t ha−1 of SS + 50% RDN (T3) followed by conjoint application of 20 t ha−1 of biochar and 30 t ha−1 SS + 50% RDN (T9).
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield increased significantly with increasing levels of biochar applied along with sewage sludge.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- increasing levels of biochar along with SSe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Experimental results showed a significant increase in yield of rice crop with increasing levels of biochar along with SS”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar at 20 t/ha with 30 t/ha sewage sludge increased rice grain yield 2.5 times over the absolute control (no fertilizers).
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SSe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.5 timese0
- Comparator
- absolute control (no fertilizers)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SS increased grain yield to the extent of 2.5 times over absolute control (no fertilizers) and 8.5% over control (100% RDF)”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar at 20 t/ha with 30 t/ha sewage sludge increased rice grain yield by 8.5% over the 100% recommended fertilizer dose control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SSe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8.5%e0
- Comparator
- control (100% RDF)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SS increased grain yield to the extent of 2.5 times over absolute control (no fertilizers) and 8.5% over control (100% RDF)”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice uptake of iron, copper and zinc increased significantly with graded doses of biochar from 2.5 to 20 t/ha.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1e0
- Outcome
- uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) (micronutrients) increased significantly with graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1 in the soil”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice uptake of manganese increased significantly with graded doses of biochar from 2.5 to 20 t/ha.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1e0
- Outcome
- manganese (Mn)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) (micronutrients) increased significantly with graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1 in the soil”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum micronutrient uptake and grain yield of rice occurred in treatment T9 (30 t/ha sewage sludge plus 20 t/ha biochar with 50% RDN).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- micronutrient uptake and grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- T9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum micronutrient uptake and grain yield of rice were found in T9 where 30 t ha−1SS along with 20 t ha−1 biochar was applied with only 50% RDN”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum availability of micronutrients in soil was found with 30 t/ha sewage sludge plus 50% RDN (T3), followed by biochar plus sludge plus 50% RDN (T9).
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- availability of micronutrients in soile0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Qualifier
- (T3)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum availability of micronutrients in soil was found with 30 t ha−1 of SS + 50% RDN (T3) followed by conjoint application of 20 t ha−1 of biochar and 30 t ha−1 SS + 50% RDN (T9)”
t0“in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
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See all 327 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.