Paper · 2005 · Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science

Integrated management of Azolla, vermicompost and urea on yield of and nutrient uptake by rice and soil fertility

RK Singh; Herojit Singh Athokpam; Zoliana Changteand; et al.

5
claims
10
verbatim quotes
8
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated management of fertilizer N, vermicompost and Azolla on grain yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility in a clayey soil for three years (1999–2001). The highest grain and straw yields were recorded with the application of 60 kg N ha−1 plus Azolla. The combined application of fertilizer N, vermicompost and Azolla sustained the productivity even at lower rate of fertilizer N application. The highest N, P and K uptake was also recorded with the application of 60 kg N ha−1 plus Azolla treatment. Moreover, the soil organic carbon, available N, P and K content increased with the application of fertilizer N alone and in conjunction with vermicompost or Azolla compared with control.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In rice, the highest grain and straw yields were recorded with 60 kg N ha-1 plus Azolla.

Treatment
60 kg N ha−1 plus Azollae1
Outcome
grain and straw yieldse1
Direction
higheste1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“nutrient uptake by rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–94 · show in text ↑
e1

“The highest grain and straw yields were recorded with the application of 60 kg N ha−1 plus Azolla”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 214–311 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In rice, combined application of fertilizer N, vermicompost and Azolla sustained productivity even at a lower rate of fertilizer N.

Treatment
combined application of fertilizer N, vermicompost and Azollae1
Outcome
productivitye1
Direction
sustainede1
Qualifier
even at lower rate of fertilizer N applicatione1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“nutrient uptake by rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–94 · show in text ↑
e1

“The combined application of fertilizer N, vermicompost and Azolla sustained the productivity even at lower rate of fertilizer N application”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 313–452 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

In rice, the highest N, P and K uptake was recorded with 60 kg N ha-1 plus Azolla.

Treatment
60 kg N ha−1 plus Azollae1
Outcome
N, P and K uptakee1
Direction
higheste1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“nutrient uptake by rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–94 · show in text ↑
e1

“The highest N, P and K uptake was also recorded with the application of 60 kg N ha−1 plus Azolla treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 454–560 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil organic carbon increased with fertilizer N alone and together with vermicompost or Azolla compared with control in the rice experiment.

Treatment
fertilizer N alone and in conjunction with vermicompost or Azollae1
Outcome
soil organic carbone1
Direction
increasede1
Comparator
controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“nutrient uptake by rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–94 · show in text ↑
e1

“the soil organic carbon, available N, P and K content increased with the application of fertilizer N alone and in conjunction with vermicompost or Azolla compared with control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 572–747 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil available N, P and K content increased with fertilizer N alone and together with vermicompost or Azolla compared with control in the rice experiment.

Treatment
fertilizer N alone and in conjunction with vermicompost or Azollae1
Outcome
available N, P and K contente1
Direction
increasede1
Comparator
controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“nutrient uptake by rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–94 · show in text ↑
e1

“the soil organic carbon, available N, P and K content increased with the application of fertilizer N alone and in conjunction with vermicompost or Azolla compared with control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 572–747 · show in text ↑

Azolla · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

47 papers: 43 positive, 4 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

43 papers more in this group

See all 47 papers →

Azolla · soil: chemistry · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

7 papers: 7 positive, 0 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Azolla · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

14 papers: 14 positive, 0 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

10 papers more in this group

See all 14 papers →

fertilization · soil: chemistry · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

305 papers: 280 positive, 25 negative or no effect

279 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

301 papers more in this group

See all 305 papers →

nitrogen · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

464 papers: 409 positive, 55 negative or no effect

408 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

460 papers more in this group

See all 464 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

993 papers: 932 positive, 61 negative or no effect

931 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

989 papers more in this group

See all 993 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

2,045 papers: 1,803 positive, 242 negative or no effect

1,802 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2,041 papers more in this group

See all 2,045 papers →

fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

3,455 papers: 3,183 positive, 272 negative or no effect

3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

3,451 papers more in this group

See all 3,455 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.