Abstract
Where crop residues are left on the soil surface to avoid soil erosion, preserve moisture, increase nutrient balance and a number of other benefits. The residues of preceding crops affect the germination of other crops through the release of allelochemicals. Thus, we investigated the allelopathic effects of straw aqueous extract of four chickpea cultivars on germination and seedling growth of corn and sunflower. Two separate experiments were conducted as the factorial experiments based on completely randomized design with extract of four chickpea cultivars (Karaj‚ Jam‚ Flip and Ilc480) and concentrations at (0, 5‚ 10‚ 20 and 40 %) with 3 replicates. Results indicated that, the degree of inhibition was largely dependent on the concentration of the extracts. Corn was more sensitive to different levels of extracts than Sunflower. Chickpea cultivars extracts had not significant difference on sunflower but showed significant inhibition in the case of Corn. The interaction effect had no significant effect in both crop plants. In general, there was a considerable response by sunflower and corn seeds to extract of chickpea cultivars that show chickpea straw not only had negative effect on seed germination, but also vegetative growth was relatively more sensitive to allelochemicals than germination.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea cultivar straw extracts significantly inhibited corn seedling growth.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- Chickpea cultivars extractse1
- Outcome
- seedling growtht0
- Direction
- significant inhibitione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Chickpea cultivars extracts had not significant difference on sunflower but showed significant inhibition in the case of Corn”
t0“Seedling Growth of Helianthus annus L. and Zea mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea cultivar straw extracts had no significant effect on sunflower seedling growth.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse1 - Treatment
- Chickpea cultivars extractse1
- Outcome
- seedling growtht0
- Direction
- not significant differencee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Chickpea cultivars extracts had not significant difference on sunflower but showed significant inhibition in the case of Corn”
t0“Seedling Growth of Helianthus annus L. and Zea mays L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction effect of chickpea cultivar and concentration had no significant effect on the two crop plants.
Verbatim
e2“The interaction effect had no significant effect in both crop plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The degree of inhibition depended largely on the concentration of the chickpea extracts.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e2“The interaction effect had no significant effect in both crop plants”
e3“the degree of inhibition was largely dependent on the concentration of the extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn was more sensitive than sunflower to different levels of chickpea extracts.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse4
- Treatment
- different levels of extractse4
- Outcome
- sensitivee4
- Direction
- more sensitivee4
- Comparator
- Sunflowere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Corn was more sensitive to different levels of extracts than Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea straw had a negative effect on seed germination of sunflower and corn.
- Taxon
- sunflower and corn seedsHelianthus annuusZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Treatment
- chickpea strawe6
- Outcome
- seed germinatione6
- Direction
- negative effecte6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“there was a considerable response by sunflower and corn seeds to extract of chickpea cultivars”
e6“chickpea straw not only had negative effect on seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Vegetative growth of sunflower and corn was more sensitive to allelochemicals than germination.
- Taxon
- sunflower and corn seedsHelianthus annuusZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Treatment
- allelochemicalse7
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe7
- Direction
- more sensitivee7
- Comparator
- germinatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“there was a considerable response by sunflower and corn seeds to extract of chickpea cultivars”
e7“vegetative growth was relatively more sensitive to allelochemicals than germination”
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