Abstract
Field studies were conducted to evaluate postemergence combinations of halosulfuron plus sethoxydim or clethodim with various adjuvants for effects on jack-o-lantern pumpkin ( Cucurbita pepo L.) injury and yields and control of large [ Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] and smooth crabgrass [ D. ischaemum (Schreb. ex Schweig.) Schreb. ex Muhl.]. Halosulfuron caused 27% and 14% pumpkin injury at 28 d after postemergence treatment (DAPT) in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Tank-mixing sethoxydim or clethodim with halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury compared with halosulfuron alone. Pumpkin injury from sethoxydim and clethodim alone at 28 DAPT ranged from 19% to 23% in 2004, but was only 7% to 8% in 2005. The addition of oil-based adjuvants to halosulfuron did not affect pumpkin injury compared with using a nonionic surfactant (NIS). The tank mixture of halosulfuron and sethoxydim did not affect crabgrass control regardless of adjuvant. However, the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim plus NIS reduced control of crabgrass from 89% to 77% at 28 DAPT. Crabgrass control was unaffected by the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC) or a NIS/COC blend. None of the herbicide treatments provided pumpkin yield (fruit no./ha) similar to the weed-free control. The pumpkin yield of treatments using postemergence herbicides was at least 50% less than the weed-free treatment. These low pumpkin yields were most likely the result of the combination of pumpkin injury from the herbicide applications and insufficient weed control.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron injured pumpkin by 27% in 2004.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- Halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- pumpkin injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 27%e0
- Qualifier
- 2004e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Halosulfuron caused 27% and 14% pumpkin injury at 28 d after postemergence treatment (DAPT) in 2004 and 2005, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron injured pumpkin by 14% in 2005.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- Halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- pumpkin injurye0
- Direction
- causede0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Qualifier
- 2005e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Halosulfuron caused 27% and 14% pumpkin injury at 28 d after postemergence treatment (DAPT) in 2004 and 2005, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding sethoxydim to halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury.
Verbatim
e0“Tank-mixing sethoxydim or clethodim with halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury compared with halosulfuron alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding clethodim to halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury.
Verbatim
e0“Tank-mixing sethoxydim or clethodim with halosulfuron did not increase pumpkin injury compared with halosulfuron alone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sethoxydim alone produced 19% to 23% pumpkin injury in 2004.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Pumpkin injury from sethoxydim and clethodim alone at 28 DAPT ranged from 19% to 23% in 2004, but was only 7% to 8% in 2005.”
Claim · model-written summary
Clethodim alone produced 19% to 23% pumpkin injury in 2004.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Pumpkin injury from sethoxydim and clethodim alone at 28 DAPT ranged from 19% to 23% in 2004, but was only 7% to 8% in 2005.”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2005 injury from the two herbicides alone was 7% to 8%.
Verbatim
e0“Pumpkin injury from sethoxydim and clethodim alone at 28 DAPT ranged from 19% to 23% in 2004, but was only 7% to 8% in 2005.”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil adjuvants with halosulfuron did not change pumpkin injury relative to NIS.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of oil-based adjuvants to halosulfuron did not affect pumpkin injury compared with using a nonionic surfactant (NIS).”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron and sethoxydim did not change crabgrass control across adjuvants.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- tank mixture of halosulfuron and sethoxydime0
- Interactor
- crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- crabgrass controle0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The tank mixture of halosulfuron and sethoxydim did not affect crabgrass control regardless of adjuvant.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Halosulfuron reduced crabgrass control with clethodim plus NIS from 89% to 77%.
Verbatim
e0“the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim plus NIS reduced control of crabgrass from 89% to 77% at 28 DAPT.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding halosulfuron to clethodim with COC did not change crabgrass control.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC)e0
- Interactor
- Crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- Crabgrass controle0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Crabgrass control was unaffected by the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC) or a NIS/COC blend.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding halosulfuron to clethodim with an NIS/COC blend did not change crabgrass control.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC) or a NIS/COC blende0
- Interactor
- Crabgrasse0weed
- Outcome
- Crabgrass controle0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Crabgrass control was unaffected by the addition of halosulfuron to clethodim with crop oil concentrate (COC) or a NIS/COC blend.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
No herbicide treatment matched the weed-free pumpkin yield.
Verbatim
e0“None of the herbicide treatments provided pumpkin yield (fruit no./ha) similar to the weed-free control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence herbicide treatments yielded at least 50% less pumpkin than weed-free treatment.
Verbatim
e0“The pumpkin yield of treatments using postemergence herbicides was at least 50% less than the weed-free treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low yield was attributed to herbicide injury and inadequate weed control.
Verbatim
e0“These low pumpkin yields were most likely the result of the combination of pumpkin injury from the herbicide applications and insufficient weed control.”
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Halosulfuron-methyl · crop injury · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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See all 8 papers →adjuvant · crop injury · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Results agree
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- no effect
herbicide · yield · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.