Abstract
ABSTRACT Many Midwestern and Eastern U.S. jack-o-lantern pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) growers are interested in using no-tillage production practices. However, improved weed management practices must be developed before no-tillage will be readily adopted for pumpkin production. A field study was conducted to determine effects of tillage, winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and preemergence herbicides on weed control and pumpkin yield. Grass and broadleaf weed control was greater in no-tillage compared to conventional tillage, and cover crop use in a no-tillage system further improved the level of weed control. Early- and late-season control of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and common waterhemp (A. rudis Sauer) were highly correlated (0.48 ≥ r ≤ 0.86, P ≤ 0.01) with pumpkin yield and fruit size. Although applying clomazone+ethalfluralin to winter rye residues improved broadleaf weed control compared with no herbicide, the level of control for all broadleaf species was unacceptable (∼86%) by 60 days after herbicide treatment (DAT), regardless of tillage treatment. However, addition of halosulfuron or imazamox to clomazone+ethafluralin generally improved redroot pigweed and common waterhemp control in no-tillage and conventional tillage compared with clomazone+ethafluralin alone; common cocklebur control was improved with addition of halosulfuron only to clomazone+ethafluralin. Although pumpkin fruit numbers in the weed-free control did not differ (P > 0.05) from tank mixtures of clomazone+ethalfluralin with halosulfuron or imazamox, reductions in pumpkin fruit size (30–35%) and yields (18–20%) were observed for these herbicide treatments compared with the weed-free control. This research indicates that cover crops, such as winter rye, can be successfully integrated in no-tillage pumpkin production systems along with herbicides to improve weed management.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage improved grass and broadleaf weed control over conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Grass and broadleaf weed control was greater in no-tillage compared to conventional tillage”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
A cover crop further improved weed control in no-tillage.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- cover crop use in a no-tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“cover crop use in a no-tillage system further improved the level of weed control”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Early and late control of four weed species was correlated with pumpkin yield and fruit size.
- Taxon
- pumpkine0
- Treatment
- Early- and late-season controle0
- Interactor
- giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.)
Setaria faberie0weed - Outcome
- pumpkin yield and fruit sizee0
- Value
- 0.48 ≥ r ≤ 0.86e0
- Qualifier
- common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and common waterhemp (A. rudis Sauer)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early- and late-season control of giant foxtail (Setaria faberi Herrm.), common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and common waterhemp (A. rudis Sauer) were highly correlated (0.48 ≥ r ≤ 0.86, P ≤ 0.01) with pumpkin yield and fruit size”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone plus ethalfluralin on rye residues improved broadleaf weed control over no herbicide.
Verbatim
e0“applying clomazone+ethalfluralin to winter rye residues improved broadleaf weed control compared with no herbicide”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadleaf weed control was unacceptable at about 86% after 60 days regardless of tillage.
Verbatim
e0“the level of control for all broadleaf species was unacceptable (∼86%) by 60 days after herbicide treatment (DAT), regardless of tillage treatment”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding halosulfuron improved redroot pigweed and common waterhemp control.
Verbatim
e0“addition of halosulfuron or imazamox to clomazone+ethafluralin generally improved redroot pigweed and common waterhemp control in no-tillage and conventional tillage compared with clomazone+ethafluralin alone”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding imazamox improved redroot pigweed and common waterhemp control.
Verbatim
e0“addition of halosulfuron or imazamox to clomazone+ethafluralin generally improved redroot pigweed and common waterhemp control in no-tillage and conventional tillage compared with clomazone+ethafluralin alone”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding halosulfuron improved common cocklebur control.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- addition of halosulfuron only to clomazone+ethafluraline0
- Outcome
- common cocklebur controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“common cocklebur control was improved with addition of halosulfuron only to clomazone+ethafluralin”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Pumpkin fruit numbers with herbicide tank mixtures did not differ significantly from weed-free controls.
Verbatim
e0“pumpkin fruit numbers in the weed-free control did not differ (P > 0.05) from tank mixtures of clomazone+ethalfluralin with halosulfuron or imazamox”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide tank mixtures reduced pumpkin fruit size by 30–35% relative to weed-free controls.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in pumpkin fruit size (30–35%) and yields (18–20%) were observed for these herbicide treatments compared with the weed-free control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide tank mixtures reduced pumpkin yield by 18–20% relative to weed-free controls.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in pumpkin fruit size (30–35%) and yields (18–20%) were observed for these herbicide treatments compared with the weed-free control”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrating winter rye cover crops with herbicides in no-tillage pumpkin production.
Verbatim
e0“cover crops, such as winter rye, can be successfully integrated in no-tillage pumpkin production systems along with herbicides to improve weed management”
The same questions in other papers
Halosulfuron-methyl · yield · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Halosulfuron-methyl · control · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
imazamox · yield · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
herbicide · yield · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →tillage · weed · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.