Abstract
The effect of elevated tropospheric ozone and carbon dioxide interaction were evaluated on the growth and pro¬ductivity of high quality protein maize (HQPM-1) at the research farm of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. Maize plants were exposed from emergence to maturity for two years to different ozone levels in non fil¬ter air (NF), charcoal filter air (CF), non-filter air with elevated CO2 (NF+CO2), elevated ozone (EO and EO1), elevated ozone with elevated CO2 (EO+CO2) and ambient control (AC) in open top chambers. Elevated ozone significantly decreased growth attributes of leaf and shoot biomass and leaf area index and the yield attributes. Highest values of all the growth and yield attributes were observed in CF treatment. The photosynthetic rate decreased by 24 to 37% and from 41 to 56% under EO (ambient + 25-35 ppb O3) over NF at tasseling and silking stage respectively. The yield increased by 21 to 31% in the sub ambient ozone levels in the CF treatment over non-filtered control whereas it decreased by 13 and 20 % under EO in both the years respectively. The presence of higher levels of ozone EO1 (ambient + 45-50 ppb O3) however made the plant weak and more susceptible to pest attack, result¬ing in a complete loss in yield. The presence of elevated carbon dioxide along with elevated ozone in the EO+CO2 treatment increased the yield by 9 to 10% over EO alone. Elevated CO2 was able to counter the negative effect of O3 on growth and yield parameters of maize to a certain extent.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased maize leaf and shoot biomass.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated ozone significantly decreased growth attributes of leaf and shoot biomass and leaf area index and the yield attributes.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased maize leaf area index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated ozone significantly decreased growth attributes of leaf and shoot biomass and leaf area index and the yield attributes.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased maize yield attributes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated ozone significantly decreased growth attributes of leaf and shoot biomass and leaf area index and the yield attributes.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal filtered air gave the highest maize growth attributes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest values of all the growth and yield attributes were observed in CF treatment.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal filtered air gave the highest maize yield attributes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest values of all the growth and yield attributes were observed in CF treatment.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone reduced maize photosynthetic rate at tasseling by 24 to 37% relative to nonfiltered air.
- Organ / stage
- tasselinge0
- Treatment
- EO (ambient + 25-35 ppb O3)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 24 to 37%e0
- Comparator
- NFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic rate decreased by 24 to 37% and from 41 to 56% under EO (ambient + 25-35 ppb O3) over NF at tasseling and silking stage respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone reduced maize photosynthetic rate at silking by 41 to 56% relative to nonfiltered air.
- Organ / stage
- silkinge0
- Treatment
- EO (ambient + 25-35 ppb O3)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 41 to 56%e0
- Comparator
- NFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photosynthetic rate decreased by 24 to 37% and from 41 to 56% under EO (ambient + 25-35 ppb O3) over NF at tasseling and silking stage respectively.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal filtered air increased maize yield by 21 to 31% over nonfiltered control.
- Treatment
- CF treatmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 21 to 31%e0
- Comparator
- non-filtered controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield increased by 21 to 31% in the sub ambient ozone levels in the CF treatment over non-filtered control”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased maize yield by 13% in one year.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased by 13 and 20 % under EO in both the years respectively.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased maize yield by 20% in the other year.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased by 13 and 20 % under EO in both the years respectively.”
t0“yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ozone levels weakened maize.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher levels of ozone EO1 (ambient + 45-50 ppb O3) however made the plant weak and more susceptible to pest attack, result¬ing in a complete loss in yield.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ozone levels increased maize susceptibility to pest attack.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher levels of ozone EO1 (ambient + 45-50 ppb O3) however made the plant weak and more susceptible to pest attack, result¬ing in a complete loss in yield.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ozone levels caused complete maize yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher levels of ozone EO1 (ambient + 45-50 ppb O3) however made the plant weak and more susceptible to pest attack, result¬ing in a complete loss in yield.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding elevated carbon dioxide to elevated ozone increased maize yield by 9 to 10%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated carbon dioxide along with elevated ozone in the EO+CO2 treatment increased the yield by 9 to 10% over EO alone.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide partially countered ozone effects on maize growth parameters.
- Treatment
- Elevated CO2e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- countere0
- Qualifier
- to a certain extente0
- Comparator
- O3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO2 was able to counter the negative effect of O3 on growth and yield parameters of maize to a certain extent.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated carbon dioxide partially countered ozone effects on maize yield parameters.
- Treatment
- Elevated CO2e0
- Outcome
- yield parameterse0
- Direction
- countere0
- Qualifier
- to a certain extente0
- Comparator
- O3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO2 was able to counter the negative effect of O3 on growth and yield parameters of maize to a certain extent.”
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