Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are secondary toxic metabolites of fungi that can contaminate a wide range of food and feedstuff. In this study, the effects of ozone treatment on ZEN and OTA and the quality of ozonised corn are investigated. Ozone significantly affects ZEN and OTA solutions. ZEN was undetectable 5 s after being treated with 10 mg l–1 ozone. However, OTA was resistant to ozonation with a degradation rate of 65.4% after 120 s of treatment. Moreover, ZEN and OTA solutions were difficult to degrade after being dried by a nitrogen stream. Results showed that ozone effectively degraded ZEN and OTA in corn. The degradation rates of ZEN and OTA in corn increased with ozone concentration and treatment time. The degradation of ZEN and OTA at different ozone concentrations appropriately conformed to first-order kinetics with an R2 value > 0.8749. Furthermore, under the same conditions, corn with increased moisture content (MC) (19.6%) was more sensitive to ozone than corn with a low MC (14.1%). When treated with 100 mg l–1 ozone for 180 min, ZEN and OTA in corn with 19.6% MC decreased by 90.7% and 70.7%, respectively. To evaluate the quality of ozonised corn, subsequent quality experiments were conducted using corn samples treated at different times with 100 mg l–1 ozone. The MC of corn decreased after ozone treatment. The whiteness and yellowness of the corn increased and decreased with increasing time, respectively. The fatty acid value of the corn increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after 180 min of treatment. This study verified that ozone can effectively degrade ZEN and OTA in corn, but slightly affected corn quality.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
ZEN became undetectable after five seconds of ozone treatment in solution.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- 10 mg l–1 ozonee0
- Outcome
- ZENe0
- Direction
- undetectablee0
- Value
- 5 se0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZEN was undetectable 5 s after being treated with 10 mg l–1 ozone”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
OTA solution degraded 65.4% after 120 seconds of ozone treatment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OTA was resistant to ozonation with a degradation rate of 65.4% after 120 s of treatment”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Dried ZEN and OTA solutions were difficult to degrade.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- dried by a nitrogen streame0
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTA solutions were difficult to degradee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZEN and OTA solutions were difficult to degrade after being dried by a nitrogen stream”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone degraded ZEN and OTA in corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ozonee0
- Outcome
- ZEN and OTA in corne0
- Direction
- degradede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ozone effectively degraded ZEN and OTA in corn”
Claim · model-written summary
ZEN and OTA degradation rates rose with ozone concentration and treatment time.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ozone concentration and treatment timee0
- Outcome
- degradation rates of ZEN and OTA in corne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The degradation rates of ZEN and OTA in corn increased with ozone concentration and treatment time”
Claim · model-written summary
Degradation of ZEN and OTA fit first-order kinetics with R2 greater than 0.8749.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- conformed to first-order kineticse0
- Value
- R2 value > 0.8749e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The degradation of ZEN and OTA at different ozone concentrations appropriately conformed to first-order kinetics with an R2 value > 0.8749”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher moisture corn was more sensitive to ozone than lower moisture corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ozonee0
- Outcome
- sensitive to ozonee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Value
- 19.6%e0
- Qualifier
- 14.1%e0
- Comparator
- corn with a low MCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“corn with increased moisture content (MC) (19.6%) was more sensitive to ozone than corn with a low MC (14.1%)”
Claim · model-written summary
ZEN in 19.6% moisture corn fell 90.7% after ozone treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg l–1 ozone for 180 mine0
- Outcome
- ZENe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 90.7%e0
- Qualifier
- 19.6% MCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When treated with 100 mg l–1 ozone for 180 min, ZEN and OTA in corn with 19.6% MC decreased by 90.7% and 70.7%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
OTA in 19.6% moisture corn fell 70.7% after ozone treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 100 mg l–1 ozone for 180 mine0
- Outcome
- OTAe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 70.7%e0
- Qualifier
- 19.6% MCe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When treated with 100 mg l–1 ozone for 180 min, ZEN and OTA in corn with 19.6% MC decreased by 90.7% and 70.7%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn moisture content decreased after ozone treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- ozone treatmente0
- Outcome
- MC of corne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The MC of corn decreased after ozone treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn whiteness increased with longer ozone treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- increasing timee0
- Outcome
- whitenesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whiteness and yellowness of the corn increased and decreased with increasing time, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yellowness decreased with longer ozone treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- increasing timee0
- Outcome
- yellownesse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whiteness and yellowness of the corn increased and decreased with increasing time, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn fatty acid value increased significantly after 180 minutes of treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 180 min of treatmente0
- Outcome
- fatty acid value of the corne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fatty acid value of the corn increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after 180 min of treatment”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · disease · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.