Abstract
Soft red winter wheat tolerance to and Italian ryegrass control by a mixture of AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 plus safener applied in water or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) were evaluated in separate experiments. In the tolerance experiment, wheat responded similarly to AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 at 12.5 plus 2.5 and 25 plus 5 g ai/ha, respectively, applied in water. The herbicides plus nonionic surfactant (NIS) applied in water injured weed-free, five- to seven-tiller wheat 3% or less and did not affect yield. Greater injury occurred with application in UAN, and yield was reduced 11% as result of fewer kernels per spike. NIS added to the herbicides in UAN increased weed-free wheat injury but had no effect on yield. AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 controlled both diclofop-susceptible and -resistant Italian ryegrass. Greater control was obtained with application in UAN as compared with application in water, and NIS increased control. Yield of Italian ryegrass–infested wheat treated with herbicides plus NIS in UAN was similar to or greater than yield when herbicides plus NIS were applied in water. Nomenclature: AEF 115008 00 (proposed name iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium), 4-iodo-2-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid methyl ester; AE F130060 00 (proposed name mesosulfuron-methyl), methyl 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-4-[[(methylsulfonyl)amino]methyl] benzoate; Italian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. Marshall #3 LOLMU; wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Coker 9704’. Additional index words: Herbicide carriers, surfactant rates, yield components, LOLMU. Abbreviations: GS, Feekes growth stage; NIS, nonionic surfactant; UAN, urea ammonium nitrate; WAT, weeks after treatment.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat responded similarly to two herbicide dose combinations applied in water.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 at 12.5 plus 2.5 and 25 plus 5 g ai/hae0
- Outcome
- responded similarlye0
- Direction
- similarlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat responded similarly to AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 at 12.5 plus 2.5 and 25 plus 5 g ai/ha, respectively, applied in water”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides plus NIS in water injured weed-free wheat by at most 3%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- herbicides plus nonionic surfactant (NIS) applied in watere0
- Outcome
- injured weed-free, five- to seven-tiller wheate0
- Direction
- injurede0
- Value
- 3% or lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The herbicides plus nonionic surfactant (NIS) applied in water injured weed-free, five- to seven-tiller wheat 3% or less”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides plus NIS in water did not affect wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AE F130060 00 Plus AE F115008 00t0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not affect yield”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Tolerance and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) Control with AE F130060 00 Plus AE F115008 00 Applied in Nitrogen1”
Claim · model-written summary
UAN application caused greater wheat injury than water application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application in UANe0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- Greatere0
- Comparator
- watert0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater injury occurred with application in UAN”
t0“Soft red winter wheat tolerance to and Italian ryegrass control by a mixture of AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 plus safener applied in water or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)”
Claim · model-written summary
UAN application reduced wheat yield by 11%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- UANt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Qualifier
- fewer kernels per spikee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield was reduced 11% as result of fewer kernels per spike”
t0“Soft red winter wheat tolerance to and Italian ryegrass control by a mixture of AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 plus safener applied in water or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding NIS to herbicides in UAN increased wheat injury.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NIS added to the herbicides in UANe0
- Outcome
- weed-free wheat injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIS added to the herbicides in UAN increased weed-free wheat injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding NIS to herbicides in UAN did not affect wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NIS added to the herbicides in UANe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIS added to the herbicides in UAN increased weed-free wheat injury but had no effect on yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide mixture controlled diclofop-susceptible Italian ryegrass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00e0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrass
Lolium multiflorume0weed - Outcome
- controlled both diclofop-susceptible and -resistant Italian ryegrasse0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 controlled both diclofop-susceptible and -resistant Italian ryegrass”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide mixture controlled diclofop-resistant Italian ryegrass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00e0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorume0weed
- Outcome
- controlled both diclofop-susceptible and -resistant Italian ryegrasse0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 controlled both diclofop-susceptible and -resistant Italian ryegrass”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
UAN carrier improved ryegrass control versus water.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application in UANe0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt1weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- Greatere0
- Comparator
- application in watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Greater control was obtained with application in UAN as compared with application in water”
t0“wheat”
t1“Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)”
Claim · model-written summary
NIS increased ryegrass control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NISe0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorumt1weed
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NIS increased control”
t0“wheat”
t1“Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield with herbicides plus NIS in UAN was similar to or greater than in water in infested wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- herbicides plus NIS in UANe0
- Interactor
- Italian ryegrassLolium multiflorume0weed
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- similar to or greater thane0
- Comparator
- herbicides plus NIS were applied in watere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield of Italian ryegrass–infested wheat treated with herbicides plus NIS in UAN was similar to or greater than yield when herbicides plus NIS were applied in water”
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