Abstract
SUMMARY Smaller amounts of D–D (6–12 gal/acre) (68–135 1/ha) or ethylene dibromide (9 gal/acre) (100 1/ha) than are customarily used to disinfest field soils killed many root‐parasitic nematodes ( Trichodorus, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Longidorus attenuatus ) when injected 6–8 in (15–20 cm) deep during early autumn in rows 10 in (25 cm) apart in well‐drained sandy soils. They also increased the yield of sugar beet grown in fields infested with Trichodorus or Longidorus attenuatus , without affecting sugar percentage or juice purity of the roots, and in some places increased the yield of barley grown after the beet. D–D was much less effective when injected 8–12 in deep during late autumn or winter. Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha) increased sugar beet yield in one field, decreased it in another and decreased juice purity in both. In two other experiments extra nitrogen did not affect sugar beet yield. Even smaller amounts of the nematicides ‘placed’ in the rows, before or after sowing sugar beet in them, killed many of the nematodes and also increased sugar yield. Phytotoxic nematicides can be placed in the rows during autumn, winter or spring but placement is simpler during spring, when the treated rows are indicated by the position of the marks of the tractor wheels left when the nematicide was applied. When applied during autumn or winter, the rows need to be indicated by drilling wheat or grass.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
D–D (6–12 gal/acre) (68–135 1/ha) killed many root-parasitic nematodes.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- D–D (6–12 gal/acre) (68–135 1/ha)e0
- Interactor
- root‐parasitic nematodese0pest
- Outcome
- killed many root‐parasitic nematodese0
- Direction
- killede0
- Setting
- well‐drained sandy soilse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Smaller amounts of D–D (6–12 gal/acre) (68–135 1/ha) or ethylene dibromide (9 gal/acre) (100 1/ha) than are customarily used to disinfest field soils killed many root‐parasitic nematodes ( Trichodorus, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Longidorus attenuatus ) when injected 6–8 in (15–20 cm) deep during early autumn in rows 10 in (25 cm) apart in well‐drained sandy soils.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
ethylene dibromide (9 gal/acre) (100 1/ha) killed many root-parasitic nematodes.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- ethylene dibromide (9 gal/acre) (100 1/ha)e0
- Interactor
- root‐parasitic nematodese0pest
- Outcome
- killed many root‐parasitic nematodese0
- Direction
- killede0
- Setting
- well‐drained sandy soilse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Smaller amounts of D–D (6–12 gal/acre) (68–135 1/ha) or ethylene dibromide (9 gal/acre) (100 1/ha) than are customarily used to disinfest field soils killed many root‐parasitic nematodes ( Trichodorus, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Longidorus attenuatus ) when injected 6–8 in (15–20 cm) deep during early autumn in rows 10 in (25 cm) apart in well‐drained sandy soils.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematicides increased sugar beet yield in nematode-infested fields.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Theye0
- Interactor
- Trichodorus
Trichodoruse0pest - Outcome
- yield of sugar beete0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“They also increased the yield of sugar beet grown in fields infested with Trichodorus or Longidorus attenuatus , without affecting sugar percentage or juice purity of the roots, and in some places increased the yield of barley grown after the beet.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematicides did not alter beet sugar percentage or juice purity.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Theye0
- Interactor
- TrichodorusTrichodoruse0pest
- Outcome
- sugar percentage or juice puritye0
- Direction
- without affectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“They also increased the yield of sugar beet grown in fields infested with Trichodorus or Longidorus attenuatus , without affecting sugar percentage or juice purity of the roots, and in some places increased the yield of barley grown after the beet.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Nematicides increased yield of barley following beet in some places.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- Theye0
- Outcome
- yield of barleye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in some placese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“They also increased the yield of sugar beet grown in fields infested with Trichodorus or Longidorus attenuatus , without affecting sugar percentage or juice purity of the roots, and in some places increased the yield of barley grown after the beet.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
D–D was less effective with deeper late-autumn or winter injection.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- D–De0
- Outcome
- effectivee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- 8–12 in deep during late autumn or wintere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“D–D was much less effective when injected 8–12 in deep during late autumn or winter.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen increased beet yield in one field.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- sugar beet yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in one fielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha) increased sugar beet yield in one field, decreased it in another and decreased juice purity in both.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen decreased beet yield in another field.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- sugar beet yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- in anothere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha) increased sugar beet yield in one field, decreased it in another and decreased juice purity in both.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher nitrogen decreased juice purity in both fields.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha)e0
- Outcome
- juice puritye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- in bothe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing nitrogen dressings to the seedbed from 1·5 to 3 cwt/acre (188 to 376 kg/ha) increased sugar beet yield in one field, decreased it in another and decreased juice purity in both.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Extra nitrogen did not affect beet yield in two other experiments.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- extra nitrogene0
- Outcome
- sugar beet yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In two other experiments extra nitrogen did not affect sugar beet yield.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Row-placed nematicides killed many nematodes.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- nematicides ‘placed’ in the rowse0
- Outcome
- killed many of the nematodese0
- Direction
- killede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even smaller amounts of the nematicides ‘placed’ in the rows, before or after sowing sugar beet in them, killed many of the nematodes and also increased sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Row-placed nematicides increased sugar yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- nematicides ‘placed’ in the rowse0
- Outcome
- sugar yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Even smaller amounts of the nematicides ‘placed’ in the rows, before or after sowing sugar beet in them, killed many of the nematodes and also increased sugar yield.”
t0“sugar beet and barley”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Beta vulgaris (beet)Positive and negative results
141 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
157 papers more in this group
See all 161 papers →insecticide · quality: sugar starch · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.