Abstract
Semi-arid tropical (SAT) soils cover approximately 11 million hectares (Mha) globally. Soils in SAT regions are prone to degradation if poorly managed, and approximately 38% of the developing countries’ poor who depend on these soils for their livelihood are at risk of malnutrition. Agronomic practices that can improve soil quality, and can sustain or improve crop productivity are critical for SAT agroecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the 11-year effects of farmer-imposed agronomic practices (cropping system and fertilization) on soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulphur (S), and micronutrients [zinc (Zn) and boron (B)], and crop productivity in the Kothapally watershed, Andhra Pradesh, India. Rainfed diversified cropping systems with legumes in rotation or intercropping systems were compared with rainfed monoculture cotton systems. Soil samples were collected from each field of the participating twenty-three farmers in June 2010 and were compared with soil data collected in June 1999 from the same farmer's fields. All soil samples were analyzed (with 10% replication) in the laboratory for physical and chemical characteristics using analysis of variance, where we tested the effects of crop (independent variable) on the dependent variables, e.g. SOC stocks, at p = 0.05. Differences in the means were compared with a Tukey test. Relationships between SOC stocks and yield were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis, and the sample size and correlation coefficients were reported when p = 0.05. Increased SOC stocks were observed in rainfed diversified cropping systems with legumes in rotation or intercropping systems compared to rainfed monoculture cotton cropping system (p = 0.0283), and SOC stocks (in 2010) were correlated with 2010 crop yields (r = 0.384, n = 23, p = 0.05). Overall, the 11-year study showed sustained crop productivity in rainfed diversified cropping systems compared to rainfed cotton cropping systems.
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Claims 3
Claim · model-written summary
Diversified legume rotation or intercropping had increased soil organic carbon stocks relative to cotton monoculture.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- rainfed diversified cropping systems with legumes in rotation or intercropping systemse0
- Outcome
- SOC stockse0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Comparator
- rainfed monoculture cotton cropping systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased SOC stocks were observed in rainfed diversified cropping systems with legumes in rotation or intercropping systems compared to rainfed monoculture cotton cropping system (p = 0.0283)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic carbon stocks correlated with crop yields in 2010.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- 2010 crop yieldse0
- Value
- r = 0.384e0
- Qualifier
- n = 23, p = 0.05e0
- Comparator
- SOC stockse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SOC stocks (in 2010) were correlated with 2010 crop yields (r = 0.384, n = 23, p = 0.05)”
t0“rainfed monoculture cotton systems”
Claim · model-written summary
Diversified rainfed systems sustained crop productivity compared with cotton cropping systems over 11 years.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- rainfed diversified cropping systemse0
- Outcome
- crop productivitye0
- Direction
- sustainede0
- Qualifier
- 11-year studye0
- Comparator
- rainfed cotton cropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, the 11-year study showed sustained crop productivity in rainfed diversified cropping systems compared to rainfed cotton cropping systems.”
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