Abstract
Abstract The rose cultivar Parel van Aalsmeer, grafted on Rosa canina ‘Brögs Stachellose’, was grown in quartz-sand and the effects of adequate and low levels of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the nutrient solution were studied during a period of five years. Low N supply caused a significant reduction of the number of flowers, weight of stems, total plant mass and weight of roots. On the other hand the root/top ratio increased. A tendency towards lower weight of the flowers was observed. At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected. The root/top ratio increased. The length of the stem decreased, but this effect was not statistically significant. Low K level caused a reduction of the length of the stem and the weight of stems and roots. The root/top ratio was not greatly affected. A tendency towards reduced total growth was observed. Ca deficiency was manifested in a decreased number of flowers, shorter stems, lower weight of stems, roots and reduced total growth. In spite of a tendency towards decreasing weight of flowers, the number of petals increased. The root/top ratio increased. Low Mg supply reduced the flower-yield and the weight of the roots. The weight of the stem on the other hand increased and a tendency towards increasing length of the stem and weight of the flowers was observed. The contents of nutrient elements in the leaves were strongly dependent on the position on the flower stem. Calcium and magnesium increased consistently from basal to terminal leaves while the reverse was found for potassium and boron. The chemical composition of the leaves was also affected by plant age as well as season. The element contents of the nutrient solutions were reflected in the chemical composition of the leaves as well as in that of the wood. In addition to the primary effects of low nutrient supply, secondary effects were also observed. Low N supply increased the ash and Ca content of the leaves and at low P the N content decreased. There was a negative relationship between K supply and Ca content but a positive one between the former and the ash content. Low Ca brought about an increase in N, P, K and Mg, and low Mg supply resulted in higher ash and Ca values. Deficiency symptoms are described for N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Visual deficiency symptoms on the leaves appeared at the following nutrient levels in the third five-leaflet leaves from top, N 2.14% P 0.14%, K 1.01%, Ca 0.39%, and Mg 0.20% of dry matter. Ca deficiency occurred, in accordance with the element contents, but contrary to the general opinion first in the lower leaves of the flower stems. A system for leaf sampling is described with particular regard to position of the leaves and their physiological age.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Low N reduced flower number, stem weight and plant and root mass.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- Low N supplye0
- Outcome
- number of flowers, weight of stems, total plant mass and weight of rootse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Low N supply caused a significant reduction of the number of flowers, weight of stems, total plant mass and weight of roots.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N increased the root to top ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“On the other hand the root/top ratio increased.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low N supply caused a significant reduction of the number of flowers, weight of stems, total plant mass and weight of roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low N tended to reduce flower weight.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A tendency towards lower weight of the flowers was observed.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low N supply caused a significant reduction of the number of flowers, weight of stems, total plant mass and weight of roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced P adversely affected flower number and weight and petal number.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- reduced P supplye0
- Outcome
- number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petalse0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced P adversely affected stem and root weight and total growth.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- reduced P supplye0
- Outcome
- weight of stem, root and total growthe0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced P increased the root to top ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected. The root/top ratio increased.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected.”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced P decreased stem length without statistical significance.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The length of the stem decreased, but this effect was not statistically significant.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“At reduced P supply the number of flowers, weight of flowers, number of petals and weight of stem, root and total growth were negatively affected.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low K reduced stem length and stem and root weights.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- Low K levele0
- Outcome
- length of the stem and the weight of stems and rootse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Low K level caused a reduction of the length of the stem and the weight of stems and roots.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Low K had little effect on root to top ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The root/top ratio was not greatly affected.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low K level caused a reduction of the length of the stem and the weight of stems and roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low K tended to reduce total growth.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A tendency towards reduced total growth was observed.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low K level caused a reduction of the length of the stem and the weight of stems and roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency reduced flower number, stem length, stem and root weight and total growth.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- Ca deficiencye0
- Outcome
- number of flowers, shorter stems, lower weight of stems, roots and reduced total growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Ca deficiency was manifested in a decreased number of flowers, shorter stems, lower weight of stems, roots and reduced total growth.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Ca deficiency flower weight tended down while petal number rose.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In spite of a tendency towards decreasing weight of flowers, the number of petals increased.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Ca deficiency was manifested in a decreased number of flowers, shorter stems, lower weight of stems, roots and reduced total growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca deficiency increased petal number.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the number of petals increased.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Ca deficiency was manifested in a decreased number of flowers, shorter stems, lower weight of stems, roots and reduced total growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low Mg reduced flower yield and root weight.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- Low Mg supplye0
- Outcome
- flower-yield and the weight of the rootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Low Mg supply reduced the flower-yield and the weight of the roots.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Low Mg increased stem weight.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The weight of the stem on the other hand increased”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low Mg supply reduced the flower-yield and the weight of the roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low Mg tended to increase stem length and flower weight.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- Low Mg supplye1
- Outcome
- length of the stem and weight of the flowerse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“a tendency towards increasing length of the stem and weight of the flowers was observed.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
e1“Low Mg supply reduced the flower-yield and the weight of the roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium and magnesium leaf contents increased from basal to terminal leaves.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium and magnesium increased consistently from basal to terminal leaves while the reverse was found for potassium and boron.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium and boron leaf contents decreased from basal to terminal leaves.
Verbatim
e0“Calcium and magnesium increased consistently from basal to terminal leaves while the reverse was found for potassium and boron.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient solution contents were reflected in leaf and wood composition.
- Taxon
- Rosest0
- Treatment
- element contents of the nutrient solutionse0
- Outcome
- chemical composition of the leaves as well as in that of the woode0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The element contents of the nutrient solutions were reflected in the chemical composition of the leaves as well as in that of the wood.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
Claim · model-written summary
Visual deficiency symptoms occurred at reported leaf nutrient thresholds.
Verbatim
e0“Visual deficiency symptoms on the leaves appeared at the following nutrient levels in the third five-leaflet leaves from top, N 2.14% P 0.14%, K 1.01%, Ca 0.39%, and Mg 0.20% of dry matter.”
t0“Greenhouse Roses”
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This paper is about lacking the nutrient, so it counts the other way round here.
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.