Abstract
Saline soils are defined as those that contain sufficient soluble salts in the root zone to impair plant growth. Wheat is one of the three major cereals dominating world agriculture to date. Durum wheat is the hardest wheat and the concept of durum wheat quality is complex and confusing. Quality factors such as protein content, gluten strength and color have different priorities in various durum wheat markets. Changes in the grain quality of ten durum wheat cultivars under salt stress studied at the greenhouse condition. A factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments were salinity including 0, 60 and 120 mM and ten durum wheat cultivars (Boomer, PGS, 71135, 61130,605, C1351, KND, KDM, Haurani and G1252). Biochemical grain reserves such total protein and carbohydrate content, gluten, phosphorous and beta carotene were measured. Results showed that interaction of salt and cultivars was significant for all studied traits except of beta-carotene. At this experiment, gluten content changed very little with salinity levels. Cultivar 71135 at all salinity levels had the highest gluten content. With increasing of salt severity, the content of protein and carbohydrate decreased and content of phosphorous increased compared with control. In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein. Cultivars 71135 and 61130 had the highest and PGS had the lowest phosphorous content in control. At 60 mM, cultivars 71135 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content. At 120mM, 71135 and Haurani respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content. In three salt levels, cultivar 71135 was determined as the most tolerant cultivar according to content of grain reserve composition results.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Salt by cultivar interaction was significant for all studied grain traits except beta-carotene.
- Taxon
- Durum Wheat
Triticum turgidum subsp. durumt0 - Material
- cultivarse0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- all studied traits except of beta-carotenee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that interaction of salt and cultivars was significant for all studied traits except of beta-carotene.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Gluten content changed very little across salinity levels.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- salinity levelse0
- Outcome
- gluten contente0
- Direction
- changed very littlee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At this experiment, gluten content changed very little with salinity levels.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar 71135 had the highest gluten content at all salinity levels.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Outcome
- gluten contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- all salinity levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivar 71135 at all salinity levels had the highest gluten content.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salt severity decreased protein content versus control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- increasing of salt severitye0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing of salt severity, the content of protein and carbohydrate decreased and content of phosphorous increased compared with control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salt severity decreased carbohydrate content versus control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- increasing of salt severitye0
- Outcome
- carbohydratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing of salt severity, the content of protein and carbohydrate decreased and content of phosphorous increased compared with control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salt severity increased phosphorous content versus control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Treatment
- increasing of salt severitye0
- Outcome
- content of phosphorouse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing of salt severity, the content of protein and carbohydrate decreased and content of phosphorous increased compared with control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
61130 had highest protein content under 60 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 61130e0
- Treatment
- 60 mMe0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
71135 had lowest protein content under 60 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Treatment
- 60 mMe0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
71135 had highest protein content under 120 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Treatment
- 120 mMe0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
KDM had lowest protein content under 120 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- KDMe0
- Treatment
- 120 mMe0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
61130 had highest protein content under control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 61130e0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
PGS had lowest protein content under control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- PGSe0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- content of proteine0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In 60 mM salinity, cultivars 61130 and 71135, in 120 mM, 71135 and KDM and in control, 61130 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest content of protein.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
71135 had highest phosphorus content in control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars 71135 and 61130 had the highest and PGS had the lowest phosphorous content in control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
61130 had highest phosphorus content in control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 61130e0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars 71135 and 61130 had the highest and PGS had the lowest phosphorous content in control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
PGS had lowest phosphorus content in control.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- PGSe0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars 71135 and 61130 had the highest and PGS had the lowest phosphorous content in control.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
71135 had highest phosphorus content at 60 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Treatment
- 60 mMe0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 60 mM, cultivars 71135 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
PGS had lowest phosphorus content at 60 mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- PGSe0
- Treatment
- 60 mMe0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 60 mM, cultivars 71135 and PGS respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
71135 had highest phosphorus content at 120mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Treatment
- 120mMe0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 120mM, 71135 and Haurani respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Haurani had lowest phosphorus content at 120mM.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- Hauranie0
- Treatment
- 120mMe0
- Outcome
- phosphorous contente0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 120mM, 71135 and Haurani respectively, had the highest and lowest phosphorous content.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar 71135 was the most salt tolerant based on grain reserve composition.
- Taxon
- Durum WheatTriticum turgidum subsp. durumt0
- Material
- 71135e0
- Outcome
- most tolerant cultivare0
- Qualifier
- In three salt levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In three salt levels, cultivar 71135 was determined as the most tolerant cultivar according to content of grain reserve composition results.”
t0“Durum Wheat Cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
salinity · quality: sugar starch · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
salinity · quality: protein · Triticum turgidum (rivet wheat)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.