Abstract
Twenty-one strains of Bacillus subtilis, one strain of Enterobacter aerogenes, metalaxyl applied as a soil and trunk drench, and monoammonium phosphate applied as a broadcast treatment, were evaluated for 8 years at Creston in the Kootenay Valley of British Columbia in inoculated high density apple tree plantings for control of phytophthora crown and root rot caused by Phytophthora cactorum. Metalaxyl controlled the disease completely for 8 years. Monoammonium phosphate and strain B8 of E. aerogenes significantly reduced the number of trees infected with P cactorum compared with the control. Strains AB8. BACT X, NZBI, AB7, AB8, and BACT 2 of B. subtilis significantly reduced the number of trees infected by P cactorum and increased the trunk diameter compared with the control. The level of protection provided by these bacterial antagonists under field conditions suggests that they could provide biological control of phytophthora crown and root rot of apple trees in the field in the Kootenay Valley of British Columbia.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Metalaxyl completely controlled disease for eight years.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Metalaxyl controlled the disease completely for 8 years”
t0“apple orchard”
Claim · model-written summary
Monoammonium phosphate significantly reduced infected trees versus control.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Monoammonium phosphatee0
- Interactor
- P cactorum
Phytophthora cactorume0pathogen - Outcome
- number of trees infected with P cactorume0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Monoammonium phosphate and strain B8 of E. aerogenes significantly reduced the number of trees infected with P cactorum compared with the control”
t0“apple orchard”
Claim · model-written summary
E. aerogenes B8 significantly reduced infected trees versus control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- strain B8 of E. aerogenese0
- Interactor
- P cactorumPhytophthora cactorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- E. aerogenes
Klebsiella aerogenese0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- number of trees infected with P cactorume0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Monoammonium phosphate and strain B8 of E. aerogenes significantly reduced the number of trees infected with P cactorum compared with the control”
t0“apple orchard”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis strains reduced infected trees and increased trunk diameter versus control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Strains AB8. BACT X, NZBI, AB7, AB8, and BACT 2 of B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- P cactorumPhytophthora cactorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- number of trees infected by P cactorume0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Strains AB8. BACT X, NZBI, AB7, AB8, and BACT 2 of B. subtilis significantly reduced the number of trees infected by P cactorum and increased the trunk diameter compared with the control”
t0“apple orchard”
The same questions in other papers
ammonium dihydrogen phosphate · Phytophthora cactorum · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
metalaxyl · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Klebsiella aerogenes · Phytophthora cactorum · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · Phytophthora cactorum · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.