Abstract
SUMMARY Samples of three seed lots of each of three cultivars of carrot, celery and onion were primed in polyethylene glycol solution for two weeks at 15 °C. Seedling emergence was recorded in the field for carrot and onion and in the glasshouse for celery. Compared to the untreated control, priming increased the percentage seedling emergence in certain poorly‐emerging seed lots of carrot and celery, but had no effect on onion. Mean emergence times were reduced by priming in all seed lots, by 3–5, 5–8 and 3–9 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively. The largest effects occurred in the slowest‐emerging seed lots. There were significant interactions between priming and seed lots within cultivars in carrot and celery and between priming and cultivars in celery and onion. Priming generally reduced the spread of emergence times, but the effects were not statistically significant in carrot. Drying back the primed seeds had no effect on percentage emergence in onion, but reduced it (compared to primed seed which had not been dried‐back) in certain carrot and celery seed lots. Primed and dried‐back seeds emerged later than primed seeds, by up to 1·5, 2·6 and 2·6 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively. The spread of emergence times was generally larger for primed and dried‐back seeds than for primed seeds, but the differences were not always statistically significant. Plant fresh weights were recorded 9, 7 and 12 wk after sowing for carrot, celery and onion, respectively. In each species, mean plant weight was inversely related to seedling emergence time; thus plants grown from primed seed were always heavier than the controls, by up to 33%, 182% and 47% in carrot, celery and onion respectively.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased percentage emergence in some poorly emerging carrot lots.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotat0 - Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- percentage seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming increased the percentage seedling emergence in certain poorly‐emerging seed lots of carrot and celery”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming increased percentage emergence in some poorly emerging celery lots.
- Taxon
- celery
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=60)
Apium graveolens Dulce Groupt0 - Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- percentage seedling emergencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“priming increased the percentage seedling emergence in certain poorly‐emerging seed lots of carrot and celery”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming had no effect on onion percentage emergence.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- percentage seedling emergencee0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“priming increased the percentage seedling emergence in certain poorly‐emerging seed lots of carrot and celery, but had no effect on onion.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced carrot emergence time by 3–5 days.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- Mean emergence timese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3–5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean emergence times were reduced by priming in all seed lots, by 3–5, 5–8 and 3–9 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced celery emergence time by 5–8 days.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- Mean emergence timese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5–8e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean emergence times were reduced by priming in all seed lots, by 3–5, 5–8 and 3–9 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced onion emergence time by 3–9 days.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- Mean emergence timese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3–9 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean emergence times were reduced by priming in all seed lots, by 3–5, 5–8 and 3–9 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed carrot seeds reduced percentage emergence in certain lots.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- dried‐backe0
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- primed seed which had not been dried‐backe0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drying back the primed seeds had no effect on percentage emergence in onion, but reduced it (compared to primed seed which had not been dried‐back) in certain carrot and celery seed lots.”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed celery seeds reduced percentage emergence in certain lots.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- dried‐backe0
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- primed seed which had not been dried‐backe0
Not reportedValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drying back the primed seeds had no effect on percentage emergence in onion, but reduced it (compared to primed seed which had not been dried‐back) in certain carrot and celery seed lots.”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed onion seeds had no effect on percentage emergence.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Drying back the primed seedse0
- Outcome
- percentage emergencee0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drying back the primed seeds had no effect on percentage emergence in onion”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed dried carrot seeds emerged up to 1·5 days later.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- Primed and dried‐back seedse0
- Outcome
- emergede0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 1·5e0
- Comparator
- primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primed and dried‐back seeds emerged later than primed seeds, by up to 1·5, 2·6 and 2·6 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed dried celery seeds emerged up to 2·6 days later.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- Primed and dried‐back seedse0
- Outcome
- emergede0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 2·6 dayse0
- Comparator
- primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primed and dried‐back seeds emerged later than primed seeds, by up to 1·5, 2·6 and 2·6 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Primed dried onion seeds emerged up to 2·6 days later.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- Primed and dried‐back seedse0
- Outcome
- emergede0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 2·6 dayse0
- Comparator
- primed seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Primed and dried‐back seeds emerged later than primed seeds, by up to 1·5, 2·6 and 2·6 days in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“onion”
Claim · model-written summary
Carrot plants from primed seeds were up to 33% heavier.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- primed seede0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 33%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants grown from primed seed were always heavier than the controls, by up to 33%, 182% and 47% in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Celery plants from primed seeds were up to 182% heavier.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- primed seede0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 182%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants grown from primed seed were always heavier than the controls, by up to 33%, 182% and 47% in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion plants from primed seeds were up to 47% heavier.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- primed seede0
- Outcome
- plantse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants grown from primed seed were always heavier than the controls, by up to 33%, 182% and 47% in carrot, celery and onion respectively.”
t0“onion”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.