Abstract
SUMMARY Samples of three seed lots of each of three cultivars of carrot, celery and onion were primed in polyethylene glycol solution for 2 weeks at 15 °C. Priming reduced the mean germination times (recorded at 15 °C) of all seed lots (compared to the untreated control) by 3–4 days in carrot, 6–10 days in celery and 3–5 days in onion. The largest reductions in mean germination time occurred in the slowest‐germinating seed lots. There were highly significant interactions between priming and cultivars, and between priming and seed lots within cultivars for each species. Drying back the primed seeds at 15 °C increased the mean germination times (compared to primed seed which had not been dried) by 0·6 day in carrot and 1·4 days in celery, and there was no interaction with cultivars or seed lots. The corresponding increase for onion was either 1·0 or 1·8 days, according to the cultivar, but this variation was largely attributable to differences in time taken for the dried seeds to re‐imbibe. Seeds dried back at 30 °C germinated 0·2·0·7 day (depending on the species) later than those dried at 15 °C. Percentage germination was not affected by either priming or drying back. Priming reduced the spread of germination times in all cultivars. For primed and dried‐back seed, the spread of germination times was larger than that of primed seed in certain cultivars, but was always smaller than that of untreated seeds.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Priming shortened carrot mean germination time by 3–4 days.
- Taxon
- carrot
Daucus carotae0 - Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- mean germination timese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3–4 dayse0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Priming reduced the mean germination times (recorded at 15 °C) of all seed lots (compared to the untreated control) by 3–4 days in carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming shortened celery mean germination time by 6–10 days.
- Taxon
- celery
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=60)
Apium graveolens Dulce Groupe0 - Outcome
- dayse0
- Value
- 6–10 dayse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
%2C_Elswick%2C_Northumberland_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“6–10 days in celery”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming shortened onion mean germination time by 3–5 days.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Outcome
- dayse0
- Value
- 3–5 dayse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3–5 days in onion”
Claim · model-written summary
The slowest germinating lots had the largest reduction in mean germination time.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Material
- slowest‐germinating seed lotse0
- Outcome
- mean germination timee0
- Direction
- largest reductionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“The largest reductions in mean germination time occurred in the slowest‐germinating seed lots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming interacted significantly with cultivars and seed lots within cultivars.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- priminge0
- Outcome
- interactions between priming and cultivars, and between priming and seed lots within cultivarse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“There were highly significant interactions between priming and cultivars, and between priming and seed lots within cultivars for each species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed carrot seeds at 15 °C increased mean germination time by 0·6 day.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- Drying back the primed seeds at 15 °Ce0
- Outcome
- mean germination timese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0·6 daye0
- Comparator
- primed seed which had not been driede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drying back the primed seeds at 15 °C increased the mean germination times (compared to primed seed which had not been dried) by 0·6 day in carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed celery seeds at 15 °C increased mean germination time by 1·4 days.
- Taxon
- celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupe0
- Outcome
- dayse0
- Value
- 1·4 dayse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1·4 days in celery”
Claim · model-written summary
The drying effect in carrot and celery did not interact with cultivar or seed lot.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Material
- cultivars or seed lotse0
- Outcome
- interaction with cultivars or seed lotse0
- Direction
- no interactione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“there was no interaction with cultivars or seed lots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion mean germination time increased by 1·0 or 1·8 days depending on cultivar.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Material
- cultivare0
- Outcome
- corresponding increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1·0 or 1·8 dayse0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding increase for onion was either 1·0 or 1·8 days, according to the cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar differences in onion drying response largely reflected re-imbibition time.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Outcome
- variatione0
- Qualifier
- differences in time taken for the dried seeds to re‐imbibee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“this variation was largely attributable to differences in time taken for the dried seeds to re‐imbibe.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds dried at 30 °C germinated later than seeds dried at 15 °C.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- dried back at 30 °Ce0
- Outcome
- germinatede0
- Direction
- latere0
- Value
- 0·2·0·7 daye0
- Comparator
- dried at 15 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“Seeds dried back at 30 °C germinated 0·2·0·7 day (depending on the species) later than those dried at 15 °C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming and drying did not affect percentage germination.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- priming or drying backe0
- Outcome
- Percentage germinatione0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“Percentage germination was not affected by either priming or drying back.”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming reduced the spread of germination times in all cultivars.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- Priminge0
- Outcome
- spread of germination timese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“Priming reduced the spread of germination times in all cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying primed seeds broadened the germination time spread in certain cultivars but remained narrower than untreated seeds.
- Taxon
- carrot, celery and onionDaucus carotaAllium cepaApium graveolens Dulce Groupt0
- Treatment
- primed and dried‐back seede0
- Outcome
- spread of germination timese0
- Direction
- largere0
- Qualifier
- always smaller than that of untreated seedse0
- Comparator
- primed seede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“carrot, celery and onion”
e0“For primed and dried‐back seed, the spread of germination times was larger than that of primed seed in certain cultivars, but was always smaller than that of untreated seeds.”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.