Abstract
Drip-applied herbicides provide farmers with a more timely and cost-effective approach for applying PRE herbicides; however, herbicide movement is often limited. Field studies were conducted evaluating drip-application methods for applying PRE herbicides under polyethylene-mulched beds on yellow nutsedge punctures and the corresponding responses of a tomato crop (height and yield). The experiment was a factorial treatment arrangement of three drip application methods and three PRE-applied herbicides [halosulfuron (54 g ai ha −1 ), S -metolachlor (1.4 kg ha −1 ), and fomesafen (280 g ha −1 )]. Herbicides were applied either immediately following saturation of the planting beds (method A), over an extended period while saturating the beds (method B), or prior to bed saturation (method C). Additional treatments included a commercial standard ( S -metolachlor sprayed to the bed surface prior to mulch application) and a nontreated control (polyethylene mulch only). Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard. With the exception of nutsedge punctures counted 56 DAT, application method did not influenced measurable outcomes. At 56 DAT nutsedge punctures were significantly lower in treatments applied by method B compared to those applied with method A.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied fomesafen controlled yellow nutsedge similarly to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Drip-applied fomesafene0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied halosulfuron controlled yellow nutsedge similarly to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- halosulfurone0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied S -metolachlor controlled yellow nutsedge similarly to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlore0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- control of yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied fomesafen produced tomato yields comparable to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Drip-applied fomesafene0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied halosulfuron produced tomato yields comparable to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied S -metolachlor produced tomato yields comparable to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlore0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied fomesafen elicited no negative tomato growth response relative to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Drip-applied fomesafene0
- Outcome
- growth responsese0
- Direction
- failed to elicit any negativee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied halosulfuron elicited no negative tomato growth response relative to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- halosulfurone0
- Outcome
- growth responsese0
- Direction
- failed to elicit any negativee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip-applied S -metolachlor elicited no negative tomato growth response relative to the commercial standard.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- S -metolachlore0
- Outcome
- growth responsese0
- Direction
- failed to elicit any negativee0
- Comparator
- commercial standarde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drip-applied fomesafen, halosulfuron, and S -metolachlor provided similar control of yellow nutsedge, produced comparable yields, and failed to elicit any negative growth responses when compared to our commercial standard”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Application method did not influence measured outcomes except nutsedge punctures at 56 DAT.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- application methode0
- Outcome
- measurable outcomese0
- Direction
- did not influencede0
- Qualifier
- With the exception of nutsedge punctures counted 56 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the exception of nutsedge punctures counted 56 DAT, application method did not influenced measurable outcomes”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
Claim · model-written summary
At 56 DAT, method B produced significantly fewer nutsedge punctures than method A.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- method Be0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee1weed
- Outcome
- nutsedge puncturese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- At 56 DATe0
- Comparator
- method Ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 56 DAT nutsedge punctures were significantly lower in treatments applied by method B compared to those applied with method A”
t0“Tomato Response to Application Methods”
e1“on yellow nutsedge punctures”
The same questions in other papers
Halosulfuron-methyl · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →fomesafen · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
metolachlor · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
Halosulfuron-methyl · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
fomesafen · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
metolachlor · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →metolachlor · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Halosulfuron-methyl · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.